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The Digest of Justinian

§3.2.18.pr

Exclusion of Calumny for Possession by Mistaken Belief

It states that a woman who acted under a false belief cannot be deemed to have taken possession of property with malicious intent (calumny).

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[GAIUS libro tertio ad edictum prouinciale.]

[GAIUS, in his Third Book on the Provincial Edict.]

§3.2.18.pr

​Ea, quae falsa existimatione1 decepta est, non potest uideri2 per calumniam3 in possessione fuisse.

​She who was deceived by a false belief cannot be deemed to have been in possession through calumny.

Syntax notes3 items
  1. 3.2.18.prfalsa existimatione

    An ablative phrase meaning 'by a false belief' or 'by an erroneous estimation/misunderstanding'. It denotes the cause or means of deception, modifying 'decepta est'.

  2. 3.2.18.prnon potest uideri

    The passive infinitive 'uideri' (from uideo) in legal contexts means 'to be deemed' or 'to be adjudged' rather than merely 'to appear'. Thus, 'non potest uideri' translates to 'cannot be deemed'.

  3. 3.2.18.prper calumniam

    Preposition 'per' with the accusative. In Roman law, 'calumny' refers to malicious prosecution or wrongful harassment. The phrase means 'with malicious or fraudulent intent'.

Translated by Gemini 3.5 Flash (published 2026-07-12)urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:3.2.18.pr