- Source
- Titi Livi ab urbe condita libri editionem priman, Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
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- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:9.41.1-9.41.20
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- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-10-22
The consuls Fabius and Decius achieve successful victories in their respective fields to pacify Etruria. Subsequently, when the Umbrians plot to march on Rome, Fabius swiftly intervenes with forced marches, launching an attack while they are unprepared and forcing them into a total surrender.
Fabio ob egregie perdomitam Etruriam continuatur consulatus, Decius collega datur. Ualerius praetor quartum creatus.
To Fabius, on account of his excellently subdued Etruria, the consulship was continued, and Decius was given as his colleague. Valerius was elected praetor for the fourth time.
consules partiti provincias: Etruria Decio, Samnium Fabio evenit. Is profectus ad Nuceriam Alfaternam, cum pacem petentes, quod uti ea, cum daretur, noluissent, aspernatus esset, oppugnando ad deditionem subegit.
The consuls divided the provinces: Etruria fell to Decius, Samnium to Fabius. He, having set out for Nuceria Alfaterna, when they sought peace, since they had been unwilling to use it when it was offered, having rejected them, he subdued them to surrender by siege.
cum Samnitibus acie dimicatum; haud magno certamine hostes victi; neque eius pugnae memoria tradita foret, ni Marsi eo primum proelio cum Romanis bellassent. secuti Marsorum defectionem Paeligni eandem fortunam habuerunt. Decio quoque, alteri consuli, secunda belli fortuna erat. Tarquiniensem metu subegerat frumentum exercitui praebere atque indutias in quadraginta annos petere.
A battle was fought with the Samnites in the field; the enemy were defeated with no great struggle; nor would the memory of that battle have been handed down, had not the Marsi in that battle first fought with the Romans. The Paeligni, having followed the defection of the Marsi, had the same fortune. To Decius also, the other consul, there was favorable fortune of war. He had compelled the Tarquinienses by fear to supply grain for the army and to seek a truce for forty years.
Volsiniensium castella aliquot vi cepit; quaedam ex iis diruit, ne receptaculo hostibus essent; circumferendoque passim bello tantum terrorem sui1 fecit, ut nomen omne Etruscum foedus ab consule peteret. ac de eo quidem nihil impetratum;
He took several fortresses of the Volsinienses by force; some of them he demolished, lest they should be a refuge for the enemy; and by carrying war here and there, he created such a terror of himself that the whole Etruscan name sought a treaty from the consul. However, nothing was obtained concerning that;
indutiae annuae datae. stipendium exercitu Romano ab hoste in eum annum pensum et binae tunicae in militem exactae; ea merces indutiarum fuit.
a yearly truce was granted. Pay for the Roman army for that year was paid by the enemy, and two tunics per soldier were demanded; this was the price of the truce.
tranquillas res iam in Etruscis turbavit repentina defectio, Umbrorum, gentis integrae a cladibus belli, nisi quod transitum exercitus ager senserat.
A sudden defection of the Umbrians, a nation untouched by the disasters of war, except that their territory had felt the passage of the army, now disturbed the tranquil state of affairs among the Etruscans.
ii concitata omni iuventute sua et magna parte Etruscorum ad rebellionem conpulsa tantum exercitum fecerant, ut relicto post se in Etruria Decio ad oppugnandam inde Romam ituros,2 magnifice de se ac contemptim de Romanis loquentes, iactarent.
These, having excited all their youth and compelled a great part of the Etruscans to rebellion, had made so great an army that, leaving Decius behind them in Etruria, they boasted, speaking magnificently of themselves and contemptuously of the Romans, that they would go from there to besiege Rome.
quod inceptum eorum ubi ad Decium consulem perlatum est, ad urbem ex Etruria magnis itineribus pergit et in agro Pupiniensi ad famam intentus hostium consedit. nec Romae spernebatur Umbrorum bellum, et ipsae minae metum fecerant expertis3 Gallica clade, quam intutam urbem incolerent.
When this attempt of theirs was reported to the consul Decius, he proceeded from Etruria to the city by forced marches and encamped in the Pupinian territory, intent on news of the enemy. Nor was the war with the Umbrians disregarded at Rome, and the threats themselves had caused fear to those who had experienced the Gallic disaster, knowing how unprotected a city they inhabited.
itaque legati ad Fabium consulem missi sunt, ut, si quid laxamenti a bello Samnitium esset, in Umbriam propere exercitum duceret. dicto paruit consul magnisque itineribus ad Mevaniam, ubi tum copiae Umbrorum erant, perrexit.
Therefore, envoys were sent to the consul Fabius, that, if there should be any relaxation from the war of the Samnites, he should hastily lead his army into Umbria. The consul obeyed the order and by forced marches to Mevania, where the forces of the Umbrians then were, proceeded.
repens adventus consulis, quem procul Umbria in Samnio bello alio occupatum crediderant, ita exterruit Vmbros, ut alii recedendum ad urbes munitas, quidam omittendum bellum censerent;
The sudden arrival of the consul, whom they had believed to be occupied in another war in Samnium, far from Umbria, so terrified the Umbrians that some thought they should retreat to fortified cities, and some that the war should be abandoned;
plaga una — Materinam ipsi appellant — non continuit modo ceteros in armis, sed confestim ad certamen egit. castra vallantem Fabium adorti sunt. quos ubi effusos ruere in munimenta consul vidit, revocatos milites ab opere, prout loci natura tempusque patiebatur, ita instruxit; cohortatusque praedicatione vera qua in Tuscis, qua in Samnio partorum decorum exiguam appendicem Etrusci belli conficere iubet et vocis inpiae poenas expetere, qua se urbem Romanam oppugnaturos minati sint.
one district—they themselves call it Materina—not only kept the rest in arms, but immediately drove them to battle. They attacked Fabius as he was fortifying his camp. When the consul saw them rushing in disorder against the ramparts, having recalled the soldiers from their work, he drew them up as the nature of the place and time permitted; and having encouraged them by a true proclamation of the glories won partly among the Etruscans, partly in Samnium, he ordered them to finish this small appendix of the Etruscan war and to exact punishment for the impious voice with which they had threatened that they would besiege the Roman city.
haec tanta sunt alacritate militum audita, ut clamor sua sponte ortus loquentem interpellaverit ducem. ante imperium, ante concentum tubarum ac cornuum cursu effuso in hostem feruntur.
These words were heard with such great alacrity of the soldiers, that a shout arising of its own accord interrupted the general as he was speaking. Before the command, before the concert of trumpets and horns, they were carried against the enemy with headlong speed.
non tamquam in viros aut armatos incurrunt; mirabilia dictu, signa primo eripi coepta signiferis, deinde ipsi signiferi trahi ad consulem, armatique milites ex acie in aciem transferri, et, sicubi est certamen, scutis magis quam gladiis geritur res; umbonibus incussaque ala4 sternuntur hostes.
They did not charge as if against men or armed enemies; wonderful to relate, first the standards began to be snatched from the standard-bearers, then the standard-bearers themselves were dragged to the consul, and armed soldiers were transferred from battle line to battle line, and wherever there was a struggle, the matter was carried on with shields rather than swords; the enemy were laid low by the bosses of the shields and the thrust of shoulders.
plus capitur hominum quam caeditur, atque una vox ponere arma iubentium per totam fertur aciem.
More men were captured than slain, and a single voice of those ordering to lay down arms was carried through the whole battle line.
itaque inter ipsum certamen facta deditio est a primis auctoribus belli. postero insequentibusque diebus et ceteri Umbrorum populi deduntur; Ocriculani sponsione in amicitiam accepti.
Therefore, during the battle itself, surrender was made by the primary authors of the war. On the next and following days, the rest of the peoples of the Umbrians were surrendered; the Ocriculani were received into friendship upon a treaty.
- 9.41.6sui
Genitive of the reflexive pronoun referring to the subject of the main clause (Fabius). It functions as an objective genitive dependent on the noun terror ('terror of himself').
- 9.41.9ituros
Accusative of the future participle forming a future infinitive (with esse omitted). It acts as an accusative and infinitive construction dependent on the verb iactarent (in indirect speech) meaning 'they would go'. The subject accusative se is also omitted.
- 9.41.11expertis
Dative plural of the perfect participle expertus used substantively, meaning 'to those who had experienced (the Gallic disaster)', serving as the indirect object of fecerant. This dative also functions as the logical subject of the following indirect question clause quam intutam urbem incolerent.
- 9.41.18incussa ala
Ablative of means or ablative absolute. Here ala refers not to a military 'wing' but to the anatomical 'armpit/shoulder', expressing the physical violence of the combat where enemies were knocked down by the collision of shoulders holding the shields.