- Source
- Titi Livi ab urbe condita libri editionem priman, Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
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- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:37.43.1-37.43.11
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-10
The military tribune Aemilius rallies the fleeing Roman soldiers near the camp through threats and force, and with the timely reinforcement of Attalus, repels Antiochus' pursuit. This leads to a complete rout of the enemy, and the victorious Romans pursue them to their camp, resulting in a devastating slaughter and plunder.
praeerat castris M. Aemilius tribunus militum, M. Lepidi filius, qui post paucos annos pontifex maximus factus est.
The camp was commanded by M. Aemilius, a military tribune, the son of M. Lepidus, who a few years later was made pontifex maximus.
is qua1 fugam cernebat suorum, cum praesidio omni occurrit et stare primo, deinde redire in pugnam iubebat pavorem et turpem fugam increpans;
Wherever he saw the flight of his men, he ran to meet them with his entire guard and ordered them first to stand, and then to return to the battle, reproaching their panic and shameful flight;
minae exinde erant, in perniciem suam caecos ruere,2 ni dicto parerent; postremo dat suis signum, ut primos fugientium caedant, turbam insequentium ferro et vulneribus in hostem redigant.
then came threats, that they were rushing blindly to their own destruction unless they obeyed his word; finally, he gave the signal to his own men to slaughter the foremost of the fugitives, and to drive the crowd of those following back against the enemy with sword and wounds.
hic maior timor minorem vicit; ancipiti coacti metu primo constiterunt; deinde et ipsi rediere in pugnam, et Aemilius cum suo praesidio — erant autem duo milia virorum fortium — effuse sequenti regi acriter obstitit, et Attalus, Eumenis frater, ab dextro cornu, quo laevum hostium primo impetu fugatum fuerat, ut ab sinistro fugam suorum et tumultum circa castra vidit, in tempore cum ducentis equitibus advenit.
Here the greater fear overcame the lesser; forced by a double fear, they first stood still; then they themselves also returned to the battle, and Aemilius with his guard—there were, moreover, two thousand brave men—fiercely resisted the king who was pursuing in disorder, and Attalus, the brother of Eumenes, from the right wing, where the enemy’s left had been routed at the first charge, as soon as he saw the flight of his men on the left and the tumult around the camp, arrived at the right time with two hundred cavalry.
Antiochus postquam et eos, quorum terga modo viderat, repetentis pugnam et aliam et a castris et ex acie adfluentem turbam conspexit, in fugam vertit equum.
Antiochus, after he perceived both those whose backs he had just seen resuming the fight, and another crowd flowing in both from the camp and from the battle line, turned his horse in flight.
ita utroque cornu victores Romani per acervos corporum, quos in media maxime acie cumulaverant, ubi et robur fortissimorum virorum et arma gravitate fugam impedierant, pergunt ad castra diripienda.
Thus victorious on both wings, the Romans, through the heaps of bodies which they had piled up especially in the center of the line, where both the strength of the bravest men and the weight of their armor had prevented their flight, proceeded to plunder the camp.
equites primi omnium Eumenis, deinde et alius equitatus toto passim campo sequuntur hostem et postremos, ut quosque adepti sunt, caedunt.
First of all the cavalry of Eumenes, and then also the rest of the cavalry, pursued the enemy all over the field, and slaughtered the hindmost as they overtook them.
ceterum fugientibus maior pestis, intermixtis quadrigis elephantisque et camelis, erat sua ipsorum turba, cum solutis ordinibus velut caeci super alios alii ruerent et incursu beluarum obtererentur.
However, to the fugitives, a greater plague, amidst the chariots, elephants, and camels mixed together, was their own crowd, since, their ranks being broken, they rushed one over another like blind men and were trodden down by the rush of the beasts.
in castris quoque ingens et maior prope quam in acie caedes est edita; nam et primorum fuga in castra maxime inclinavit,3 et huius fiducia multitudinis, qui4 in praesidio erant, pertinacius pro vallo pugnarunt. retenti in portis valloque, quae se impetu ipso capturos crediderant, Romani, postquam tandem perruperunt, ab ira graviorem ediderunt caedem.
In the camp also a huge slaughter was made, almost greater than in the battle; for both the flight of the first fugitives turned the course of the battle chiefly toward the camp, and the defenders, through confidence in this multitude, fought more stubbornly in front of the rampart. Retained at the gates and the rampart, which they had believed they would capture by the very first assault, the Romans, after they finally broke through, executed a more grievous slaughter out of anger.
- 37.43.2qua
Relative adverb of place with the antecedent (such as eo) omitted. It means "to the place where" or "whither," indicating that Aemilius rushed to the exact point where he saw his men fleeing.
- 37.43.3ruere
Accusative with Infinitive (AcI) construction serving as the content of the main clause minae erant ("there were threats"). The subject of the infinitive is the accusative adjective caecos ("blindly"), accompanied by the conditional clause ni dicto parerent ("unless they obeyed his word").
- 37.43.10inclinavit
Used intransitively in the sense of "inclined" or "turned." Here, the context indicates that "the flight of the first fugitives turned the course of the battle (or the pursuit) chiefly toward the camp," explaining how the fighting spread to the vicinity of the camp.
- 37.43.10qui
The relative pronoun qui (masculine plural) refers back to the grammatically singular feminine collective noun multitudinis, resulting in an agreement according to sense (ad sensum). This plural reference is also reflected in the main verb pugnarunt.