- Source
- Titi Livi ab urbe condita libri editionem priman, Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
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- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:37.21.1-37.21.9
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-10
On the following day, the Achaean forces led by Diophanes attack the retreating royal army again, forcing Seleucus to withdraw from Pergamum, while Antiochus and the Roman allied fleet carry out military operations in coastal cities and islands.
postero die regiae magis compositae et ordinatae stationes quingentis passibus longius ab urbe posuerunt castra, et Achaei eodem ferme tempore atque in eundem locum processerunt.
On the following day, the king’s outposts, more organized and orderly, pitched camp five hundred paces further from the city, and the Achaeans advanced almost at the same time and to the same place.
per multas horas intenti utrimque velut iam futurum impetum expectavere; postquam haud procul occasu solis redeundi in castra tempus erat, regii signis collatis abire agmine ad iter magis quam ad pugnam composito1 coepere.
For many hours, tense on both sides, they waited as if an attack were about to happen; when it was time to return to camp not far from sunset, the king’s men, with signals brought together, began to depart in a column arranged more for marching than for fighting.
quievit Diophanes, dum in conspectu erant; deinde eodem, quo pridie, impetu in postremum agmen incurrit, tantumque rursus pavoris ac tumultus incussit, ut, cum terga caederentur, nemo pugnandi causa restiterit; trepidantesque et vix ordinem agminis servantes in castra compulsi sunt.
Diophanes remained quiet as long as they were in sight; then, with the same charge as the day before, he fell upon the rear guard and again struck so much terror and confusion that, although their backs were being cut down, no one stood to fight; and trembling and scarcely keeping the order of the column, they were driven into their camp.
haec Achaeorum audacia Seleucum ex agro Pergameno movere castra coegit. Antiochus postquam Romanos ad tuendum Adramytteum venisse audivit, ea quidem urbe abstinuit;
This boldness of the Achaeans forced Seleucus to move his camp from the territory of Pergamum. Antiochus, after he heard that the Romans had come to protect Adramytteum, refrained from that city indeed;
depopulatus agros Peraeam inde, coloniam Mitylenaeorum, expugnavit. Cotton et Corylenus et Aphrodisias et Priene primo impetu captae sunt. inde per Thyatiram Sardis rediit.
having plundered the territory, he then took Peraea by storm, a colony of the Mitylenaeans. Cotton, Corylenus, Aphrodisias, and Priene were captured at the first assault. From there he returned to Sardis by way of Thyatira.
Seleucus in ora maritima permanens aliis terrori erat, aliis praesidio.2 classis Romana cum Eumene Rhodiisque Mitylenen primo, inde retro, unde profecta erat, Elaeam redit. inde Phocaeam petentes ad insulam, quam Bacchium vocant — imminet urbi Phocaeensium —, appulerunt et, quibus ante abstinuerant templis signisque3 — egregie autem exornata insula erat —, cum hostiliter diripuissent, ad ipsam urbem transmiserunt.
Seleucus, remaining on the maritime coast, was a terror to some, a protection to others. The Roman fleet with Eumenes and the Rhodians went first to Mitylene, then back to Elaea, whence it had set out. From there, steering for Phocaea, they put in at the island which they call Bacchium—it overlooks the city of the Phocaeans—and having hostilely plundered the temples and statues from which they had previously abstained—for the island was remarkably adorned—they crossed over to the city itself.
eam divisis inter se partibus cum oppugnarent et videretur sine operibus, armis scalisque capi posse, missum ab Antiocho praesidium trium milium armatorum cum intrasset urbem, extemplo oppugnatione omissa classis ad insulam se recepit nihil aliud quam depopulato circa urbem hostium agro.4
When they were attacking it, dividing the sectors among themselves, and it seemed that without siege works, it could be captured by arms and ladders, a garrison of three thousand armed men sent by Antiochus entered the city, whereupon the siege was immediately abandoned, and the fleet withdrew to the island, having done nothing other than plundered the enemy’s territory around the city.
- 37.21.2agmine ad iter magis quam ad pugnam composito
agmine is an ablative accompanying abire, indicating the manner of departure. The participle composito modifies it, with the comparative-purposive phrase ad iter magis quam ad pugnam (arranged for marching rather than for fighting) embedded within.
- 37.21.6aliis terrori erat, aliis praesidio
A classic double dative construction. aliis is the dative of reference ('to some / to others'), while terrori and praesidio serve as the datives of purpose or result ('as a terror / as a protection').
- 37.21.7quibus ante abstinuerant templis signisque
A construction where the antecedents are incorporated into the relative clause. While we would expect templa signaque, quibus ante abstinuerant, the antecedents (templis signisque) are attracted into the relative clause in the ablative case governed by the verb abstinuerant. This phrase functions logically as the object of the main clause's cum diripuissent.
- 37.21.9nihil aliud quam depopulato circa urbem hostium agro
depopulato ... agro is an ablative absolute. The phrase nihil aliud quam (nothing other than / merely) modifies this ablative absolute, adverbially meaning 'having done nothing other than plundering the enemy's territory around the city'.