- Source
- Titi Livi ab urbe condita libri editionem priman, Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
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- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:33.29.1-33.29.12
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-08
As guerrilla-style murders of Roman soldiers escalated in Boeotia, the Roman general Quinctius initiated military action demanding the surrender of the culprits and a fine, but peace was eventually restored through Achaean mediation with a reduced fine.
efferavit ea caedes Thebanos Boeotosque omnis ad execrabile odium Romanorum, credentis1 non sine consilio imperatoris Romani Zeuxippum, principem gentis, id facinus conscisse. ad rebellandum neque vires neque ducem habebant;
That murder drove the Thebans and all the Boeotians into a cursed hatred of the Romans, as they believed that Zeuxippus, the chief of their nation, had not committed that crime without the design of the Roman general. For rebelling they had neither the strength nor a leader;
proximum bello quod erat,2 in latrocinium versi alios in hospitiis, alios vagos per hiberna milites ad varios commeantis usus excipiebant.
turning to what was closest to war, which was banditry, they began to cut off the soldiers, some in their lodgings, others as they wandered about the winter quarters, traveling for various necessary purposes.
quidam in ipsis itineribus ad notas latebras ab insidiantibus, pars in deserta per fraudem deversoria deducti opprimebantur;
Some were cut off on the very roads by those lying in wait and dragged to well-known hiding places, while a part were deceived and led into deserted inns and there destroyed;
postremo non tantum ab odio sed etiam aviditate praedae ea facinora fiebant, quia negotiandi ferme causa argentum in zonis habentes in commeatibus erant.
finally, these crimes were committed not only out of hatred but also from greed for booty, because they were traveling on leave carrying silver in their belts, generally for the purpose of trading.
cum primo pauci, deinde in dies plures desiderarentur, infamis esse Boeotia omnis coepit, et timidius quam in hostico egredi3 castris miles.
When at first a few, and then more day by day were missed, all Boeotia began to be infamous, and the soldier went out of the camp more timidly than if he were in an enemy’s territory.
tum Quinctius legatos ad quaerendum de latrociniis per civitates mittit. plurimae caedes circa Copaidem paludem inventae; ibi ex limo eruta extractaque ex stagno cadavera saxis aut amphoris, ut pondere traherentur in profundum, adnexa; multa facinora Acraephiae et Coroneae facta inveniebantur.
Then Quinctius sent legates through the states to inquire into the robberies. Very many murders were discovered around the Lake Copais; there the bodies, dug out of the mud and dragged from the lake, were found bound with stones or amphorae, so that they might be drawn by the weight into the deep; many crimes were found to have been committed at Acraephia and Coronea.
Quinctius primo noxios tradi sibi iussit et pro quingentis militibus — tot enim interempti erant — quingenta talenta Boeotos conferre.
Quinctius at first ordered the guilty to be delivered up to him, and the Boeotians to pay five hundred talents for the five hundred soldiers — for so many had been slain.
quorum neutrum cum fieret, verbis tantum civitates excusarent nihil publico consilio factum esse, missis Athenas et in Achaiam legatis, qui testarentur socios iusto pioque se4 bello persecuturum Boeotos, et cum parte copiarum Ap. Claudio Acraephiam ire iusso ipse cum parte Coroneam circumsidit vastatis prius agris, qua ab Elatia duo diversa agmina iere.
When neither of these was done, and the states merely excused themselves in words, saying that nothing had been done by public counsel, he sent legates to Athens and into Achaea to bear witness to the allies that he was going to prosecute the Boeotians in a just and pious war, and having ordered Appius Claudius to go to Acraephia with part of the forces, he himself with the other part besieged Coronea, having first devastated the lands through which the two separate columns had marched from Elatia.
hac perculsi clade Boeoti, cum omnia terrore ac fuga completa essent, legatos mittunt. qui cum in castra non admitterentur, Achaei Atheniensesque supervenerunt.
The Boeotians, dismayed by this disaster, when everything was filled with terror and flight, sent legates. When these were not admitted into the camp, the Achaeans and Athenians arrived.
plus auctoritatis Achaei habuerunt deprecantes, quia, ni impetrassent5 pace Boeotis, bellum simul gerere decreverant.
The Achaeans had more authority in deprecating, because, if they had not obtained peace for the Boeotians, they had resolved to wage war at the same time.
per Achaeos et Boeotis copia adeundi adloquendique Romanum facta est iussisque tradere noxios et multae nomine triginta conferre talenta pax data et ab oppugnatione recessum.
Through the Achaeans, the opportunity of approaching and addressing the Roman was granted also to the Boeotians, and peace was given upon their being ordered to deliver up the guilty and to pay thirty talents under the name of a fine, and the siege was raised.
- 33.29.1credentis
An archaic spelling for the accusative plural credentes, a present participle modifying the preceding Thebanos Boeotosque omnis. It governs the accusative and infinitive construction Zeuxippum ... conscisse.
- 33.29.2proximum bello quod erat
The relative pronoun quod refers back to latrocinium (banditry). 'What was closest to war' refers to the guerrilla-like ambushes to which they resorted, lacking the resources to wage regular warfare.
- 33.29.5egredi
This infinitive shares the verb coepit from the preceding clause infamis esse Boeotia omnis coepit, forming the elliptical structure miles [coepit] egredi (the soldier began to go out).
- 33.29.8se
The accusative se in the infinitive clause is a reflexive pronoun referring to the subject of the main clause, Quinctius. socios is the indirect object of testarentur, and Boeotos is the direct object of persecuturum.
- 33.29.11ni impetrassent
ni is a contracted form of nisi. The pluperfect subjunctive represents a past condition (if they had not obtained/should not have obtained) subordinate to the pluperfect decreverant (they had decided) in the main clause.
Translated by Gemini 3.5 Flash (published 2026-05-25) · Revision history (1, latest 2026-09-21)
- 2026-09-21 AI review — source 1