← Livy

History of Rome

§30.21.1-30.21.12

News of Hannibal's Departure and the Senate's Reaction

The departure of Hannibal and Mago for Africa is reported in Rome, but the Senate is anxious, prompting the elder senators to call for thanks to the gods. Envoys from Saguntum bring captives, and preparations are made to receive the Carthaginian peace legates outside the city.

View ▾
View
Translation
Typeface
AI ↗
← PrevNext →
§30.21.1

​Romam per eosdem dies et Magonem et Hannibalem profectos adlatum est.1 cuius duplicis gratulationis minuit laetitiam, et quod2 parum duces in retinendis iis, cum id mandatum ab senatu esset, aut animi aut virium habuisse videbantur, ​et quod solliciti erant, omni belli mole in unum exercitum ducemque inclinata quo evasura esset res.

​Around those same days, it was reported at Rome that both Mago and Hannibal had departed. The joy of this double cause of thanksgiving was diminished both because the commanders, though this had been ordered by the senate, seemed to have had too little of either spirit or strength in detaining them, ​and because they were anxious as to what the outcome would be, now that the whole weight of the war had shifted onto a single army and commander.

§30.21.3

​per eosdem dies legati Saguntini venerunt conprensos cum pecunia adducentes Carthaginienses, qui ad conducenda auxilia in Hispaniam traiecissent.

​Around the same days, Saguntine envoys arrived, bringing with them some Carthaginians whom they had arrested with money, who had crossed over into Spain to hire auxiliaries.

§30.21.4

​ducenta et quinquaginta auri, octingenta pondo argenti in vestibulo curiae posuerunt.

​They placed two hundred and fifty pounds of gold and eight hundred pounds of silver in the vestibule of the senate-house.

§30.21.5

​hominibus acceptis et in carcerem conditis, auro argentoque reddito gratiae legatis actae atque insuper munera data ac naves, quibus in Hispaniam reverterentur.

​The captured men having been received and put in prison, and the gold and silver restored, thanks were given to the envoys, and moreover, gifts and ships in which they might return to Spain were provided.

§30.21.6

​mentio deinde ab senioribus facta est segnius homines bona quam mala sentire;3 transitu in Italiam Hannibalis quantum terroris pavorisque esse meminisse;

​Then mention was made by the elder senators that men perceive good things more sluggishly than evils; they remembered how much terror and dread there had been at the passage of Hannibal into Italy;

§30.21.7

​quas deinde clades, quos luctus incidisse. visa castra hostium e muris urbis; quae vota singulorum universorumque fuisse! quotiens in conciliis voces manus ad caelum porgentium auditas, ​en umquam ille dies futurus esset,4 quo vacuam hostibus Italiam bona pace florentem visuri essent!

​what disasters, what griefs had then fallen upon them. The enemy’s camp had been seen from the walls of the city; what vows had been made by individuals and by the whole state! How often in public assemblies had the voices of those stretching out their hands to heaven been heard, ​asking whether indeed that day would ever come when they should see Italy free from enemies and flourishing in secure peace!

§30.21.9

​dedisse tandem id deos sexto decimo demum anno, nec esse, qui deis grates agendas censeat; adeo ne advenientem quidem gratiam homines benigne accipere, nedum ut praeteritae satis memores sint.5

​At last, in the sixteenth year, the gods had granted this, and yet there was no one who proposed that thanks should be given to the gods; so true was it that men do not receive even a present favor with gratitude, much less are they sufficiently mindful of past ones.

§30.21.10

​conclamatum deinde ex omni parte curiae est, uti referret P. Aelius praetor; decretumque, ut quinque dies circa omnia pulvinaria supplicaretur, victumaeque maiores immolarentur centum viginti.

​Then a shout arose from every part of the senate-house that the praetor Publius Aelius should lay the matter before them; and it was decreed that supplications should be made for five days at all the shrines, and that one hundred and twenty larger victims should be sacrificed.

§30.21.11

​iam dimisso Laelio legatisque Masinissae cum Carthaginiensium legatos de pace ad senatum venientes Puteolis visos, inde terra venturos adlatum esset, revocari C. Laelium placuit, ut coram eo de pace ageretur.

​Laelius and the envoys of Masinissa having already been dismissed, when it was reported that the Carthaginian envoys, coming to the senate concerning peace, had been seen at Puteoli, and would come from there by land, it was decided that Gaius Laelius should be recalled so that the negotiations for peace might be conducted in his presence.

§30.21.12

​Q. Fulvius Gillo, legatus Scipionis, Carthaginienses Romam adduxit; quibus vetitis ingredi urbem6 hospitium in villa publica, senatus ad aedem Bellonae datus est.

​Quintus Fulvius Gillo, Scipio’s lieutenant, brought the Carthaginians to Rome; since they were forbidden to enter the city, lodging was provided for them in the Villa Publica, and an audience of the senate was granted to them at the Temple of Bellona.

Syntax notes6 items
  1. 30.21.1profectos adlatum est

    The impersonal passive adlatum est ("it was reported") governs an accusative with infinitive clause (et Magonem et Hannibalem profectos), with the auxiliary esse omitted.

  2. 30.21.1cuius duplicis gratulationis minuit laetitiam, et quod ... et quod ...

    The sentence begins with a relative connection (cuius). The transitive verb minuit ("diminished") takes laetitiam ("the joy") as its object, while its subjects are the two coordinated clauses starting with et quod... and et quod....

  3. 30.21.6segnius homines bona quam mala sentire

    This introduces the indirect discourse (accusative with infinitive) following mentio ... facta est. This indirect discourse continues through the end of §30.21.9, where a series of infinitives (sentire, meminisse in §30.21.6; incidisse, visa [esse], fuisse, auditas [esse] in §30.21.7; dedisse, esse in §30.21.9) report the elder senators' speech.

  4. 30.21.8en umquam ille dies futurus esset

    An indirect question in indirect discourse, where the imperfect subjunctive futurus esset is used to match the past tense of the main verb (auditas [esse]). In direct speech, this would be a future indicative (en umquam ille dies erit...?).

  5. 30.21.9nedum ut praeteritae satis memores sint

    An idiomatic expression consisting of nedum ut followed by the subjunctive (sint), meaning "much less that..." or "still less...".

  6. 30.21.12quibus vetitis ingredi urbem

    An ablative absolute construction containing the relative pronoun quibus (referring to the Carthaginian envoys). The passive participle vetitis is used with the infinitive ingredi ("to enter"), meaning "they having been forbidden to enter the city."

Translated by Gemini 3.5 Flash (published 2026-05-25)urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:30.21.1-30.21.12