- Source
- Titi Livi ab urbe condita libri editionem priman, Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:3.18.1-3.18.11
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-01
Mamilius, dictator of Tusculum, brings allied aid to Rome; the joint forces launch an assault to recover the Capitol. Although the consul Valerius is killed in battle, Volumnius assumes command, leading the allies and citizens to defeat Herdonius and reclaim the Capitol, after which the citizens mourn the fallen consul.
eadem nocte et Tusculum de arce capta Capitolioque occupato et alio turbatae urbis statu nuntii veniunt.
On the same night, messengers came also to Tusculum with news of the capture of the citadel, the occupation of the Capitol, and the otherwise disturbed state of the city.
L. Mamilius Tusculi tum dictator erat. is confestim convocato senatu atque introductis nuntiis magno opere censet, ne expectent,1 dum ab Roma legati auxilium petentes veniant; periculum ipsum discrimenque ac sociales deos fidemque foederum id poscere. demerendi beneficio tam potentem, tam propinquam civitatem2 numquam parem occasionem daturos deos. placet ferri auxilium;
Lucius Mamilius was then the dictator of Tusculum. Having immediately summoned the senate and introduced the messengers, he strongly advised that they should not wait until ambassadors seeking aid should come from Rome; the danger itself, the crisis, the gods of alliance, and the loyalty to treaties demanded this. The gods would never give a peerless opportunity of binding so powerful and so neighboring a state by a benefit. It was resolved that aid should be brought;
iuventus conscribitur, arma dantur. Romam prima luce venientes procul speciem hostium praebuere; Aequi aut Volsci venire visi sunt; deinde, ubi vanus terror abiit, accepti in urbem agmine in forum descendunt.
the youth were enlisted, and arms were distributed. Arriving at Rome at dawn, they presented from afar the appearance of enemies; they seemed to be the Aequi or the Volsci coming; then, when the groundless terror departed, received into the city, they marched down in a column into the forum.
ibi iam P. Valerius relicto ad portarum praesidia collega instruebat aciem.
There Publius Valerius, having left his colleague for the defense of the gates, was already drawing up his battle line.
auctoritas viri moverat adfirmantis3 Capitolio recuperato et urbe pacata si edoceri se sissent, quae fraus ab tribunis occulta in lege ferretur, memorem se maiorum suorum, memorem cognominis, quo populi colendi velut hereditaria cura sibi a maioribus tradita esset, concilium plebis non inpediturum.
The authority of the man had moved them as he affirmed that, once the Capitol was recovered and the city pacified, if they would allow themselves to be informed of what hidden deceit was being proposed in the law by the tribunes, he, mindful of his ancestors and mindful of his cognomen, by which an almost hereditary care of cultivating the people had been handed down to him by his ancestors, would not impede the assembly of the plebs.
hunc ducem secuti nequiquam reclamantibus tribunis in clivum Capitolinum erigunt aciem. adiungitur et Tusculana legio. certare socii civesque, utri recuperatae arcis suum decus facerent; dux uterque suos adhortatur.
Following this leader, while the tribunes protested in vain, they marched their line up the Capitoline slope. The Tusculan legion was also joined to them. Allies and citizens strove which of the two should make the glory of the recovered citadel their own; each leader encouraged his men.
trepidare tum hostes, nec ulli satis rei praeterquam loco fidere; trepidantibus inferunt signa Romani sociique, iam in vestibulum perruperant templi, cum P. Valerius inter primores pugnam ciens interficitur. P. Volumnius consularis vidit cadentem.
Then the enemy was thrown into confusion, nor did they trust sufficiently in any resource except the place; against the panic-stricken foe the Romans and allies advanced their standards, and had already burst into the vestibule of the temple, when Publius Valerius was killed while encouraging the fight among the foremost. Publius Volumnius, a man of consular rank, saw him falling.
is dato negotio suis, ut corpus obtegerent, ipse in locum vicemque consulis provolat. prae ardore impetuque tantae rei sensus non pervenit ad militem; prius vicit, quam se pugnare sine duce sentiret.
Having given orders to his men to cover the body, he himself rushed forward into the post and place of the consul. On account of the heat and impetus of so great an action, the sense of this loss did not reach the soldier; they conquered before they perceived that they were fighting without a leader.
multi exulum caede sua foedavere templum, multi vivi capti, Herdonius interfectus. ita Capitolium recuperatum. de captivis, ut quisque liber aut servus esset, suae fortunae a quoque sumptum supplicium est;4 Tusculanis gratiae actae; Capitolium purgatum atque lustratum. in consulis domum plebes quadrantes, ut funere ampliore efferretur, iactasse fertur.
Many of the exiles defiled the temple with their slaughter, many were taken alive, and Herdonius was slain. Thus the Capitol was recovered. Regarding the captives, according as each was free or a slave, punishment was exacted from each in accordance with his condition; thanks were returned to the Tusculans; the Capitol was cleansed and purified. Into the house of the consul, the plebeians threw farthings, so that he might be carried forth with a more splendid funeral, as it is reported.
- 3.18.3ne expectent
ne expectent is a present subjunctive introducing an indirect command/exhortation (corresponding to ne expectemus or ne expectetis in direct speech) in indirect discourse dependent on censet. The present subjunctive is used because the main verb censet is a historical present.
- 3.18.3demerendi beneficio tam potentem, tam propinquam civitatem
The gerund demerendi takes the accusative noun phrase tam potentem, tam propinquam civitatem as its object, forming a genitive phrase modifying occasionem. beneficio is an ablative of means ('by a benefit/service'), meaning 'of obliging/binding so powerful and near a state by a benefit.'
- 3.18.6adfirmantis
The present participle adfirmantis modifies the genitive viri (referring to P. Valerius) and introduces the indirect discourse with the subject accusative se and the future infinitive non inpediturum (esse).
- 3.18.10suae fortunae a quoque sumptum supplicium est
This is the passive of the idiom supplicium sumere ab aliquo (to exact punishment from someone, i.e., to punish someone). a quoque refers to the persons punished ('from each'), and suae fortunae indicates that the punishment was in accordance with their respective conditions (free or slave).
Translated by Gemini 3.5 Flash (published 2026-05-25) · Revision history (2, latest 2026-09-22)
- 2026-09-22 AI review — source 1
- 2026-09-21 AI review — note 1