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History of Rome

§29.9.1-29.9.12

Clash of Soldiers at Locri and Pleminius' Revenge

A violent clash breaks out in Locri between the soldiers of Pleminius and those of the military tribunes, resulting in a brutal attack on Pleminius. Although Scipio temporarily settles the dispute, Pleminius later unleashes his wrath, executing the tribunes under torture and massacring the Locrian leaders.

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§29.9.1

​summae rei Pleminius praeerat; militum pars sub eo, quam ipse ab Regio adduxerat, pars sub tribunis erat.

​Pleminius was in overall command; part of the soldiers was under him, whom he himself had brought from Regium, and part was under the military tribunes.

§29.9.2

​rapto poculo argenteo ex oppidani domo Plemini miles fugiens sequentibus, quorum erat,1 obvius forte Sergio et Matieno tribunis militum fuit; cui cum iussu tribunorum ademptum poculum esset, ​iurgium inde et clamor, pugna postremo orta inter Plemini milites tribunorumque, ut suis quisque opportunus advenerat,2 multitudine simul ac tumultu crescente.

​A soldier of Pleminius, having stolen a silver cup from a townsperson’s house, was fleeing while those to whom it belonged were pursuing him, when by chance he met the military tribunes Sergius and Matienus; when the cup had been taken away from him by the order of the tribunes, ​a quarrel and clamor arose therefrom, and finally a fight broke out between the soldiers of Pleminius and those of the tribunes, as each arrived opportunely to help his own, while the crowd and the tumult increased at the same time.

§29.9.4

​victi Plemini milites cum ad Pleminium, cruorem ac vulnera ostentantes, non sine uociferatione atque indignatione concurrissent, probra in eum ipsum iactata in iurgiis referentes, accensus ira domo sese proripuit vocatosque tribunos nudari ac virgas expediri iubet.

​When the defeated soldiers of Pleminius had run to Pleminius, showing their blood and wounds, not without shouting and indignation, reporting the insults cast against him himself in the quarrel, he, inflamed with anger, rushed out of his house and ordered the summoned tribunes to be stripped and the rods to be made ready.

§29.9.5

​dum spoliandis iis — repugnabant enim militumque fidem implorabant — tempus teritur,3 repente milites feroces recenti victoria ex omnibus locis, velut adversus hostes ad arma conclamatum esset, concurrerunt;

​While time was being wasted in stripping them—for they were resisting and imploring the protection of the soldiers—suddenly the soldiers, fierce from their recent victory, ran together from all places, as if a call to arms had been sounded against an enemy;

§29.9.6

​et cum violata iam virgis corpora tribunorum vidissent, tum vero in multo inpotentiorem subito rabiem accensi, sine respectu non maiestatis modo sed etiam humanitatis, in legatum impetum lictoribus prius indignum in modum mulcatis faciunt; tum ipsum ab suis interceptum ​et seclusum hostiliter lacerant et prope exsanguem naso auribusque mutilatis relinquunt.

​and when they had seen the bodies of the tribunes already outraged by the rods, then indeed, suddenly inflamed into a much more uncontrollable rage, without regard not only for dignity but even for humanity, they made an attack on the lieutenant, having first beaten the lictors in an unworthy manner; then, having intercepted him himself from his own men, ​and shut him off, they mangled him in a hostile manner and left him almost lifeless, with his nose and ears mutilated.

§29.9.8

​his Messanam nuntiatis Scipio post paucos dies Locros hexeri advectus cum causam Plemini et tribunorum audisset, Pleminio noxa liberato relictoque in eiusdem loci praesidio, tribunis sontibus iudicatis et in vincla coniectis, ut Romam ad senatum mitterentur, Messanam atque inde Syracusas rediit.

​When these things were reported to Messana, Scipio, having sailed to Locri in a hexere after a few days, when he had heard the case of Pleminius and the tribunes, freed Pleminius from guilt and left him in command of the same place, and having judged the tribunes guilty and cast them into chains to be sent to the senate in Rome, returned to Messana and thence to Syracuse.

§29.9.9

​Pleminius impotens irae, neglectam ab Scipione et nimis leviter latam suam iniuriam ratus, ​nec quemquam aestimare alium eam litem posse, nisi qui4 atrocitatem eius patiendo sensisset, tribunos adtrahi ad se iussit laceratosque omnibus, quae pati corpus ullum potest, suppliciis interfecit nec satiatus vivorum poena insepultos proiecit.

​Pleminius, unable to control his anger, thinking that his injury had been neglected and too lightly borne by Scipio, ​and that no one else could estimate that dispute except one who had felt its atrocity by suffering it, ordered the tribunes to be dragged to him, and killed them, mangled with all the tortures that any body can suffer, and not satisfied with the punishment of the living, threw them out unburied.

§29.9.11

​simili crudelitate et in Locrensium principes est usus, quos ad conquerendas iniurias ad P. Scipionem profectos audivit;

​He used similar cruelty also against the leading men of the Locrians, whom he heard had set out to P. Scipio to complain of the injuries;

§29.9.12

​et quae antea per lubidinem atque avaritiam foeda exempla in socios ediderat, tunc ab ira multiplicia edere, infamiae atque invidiae non sibi modo sed etiam imperatori esse.5

​and the foul examples which he had previously displayed against the allies through lust and avarice, he then displayed multiplied through anger, and they were a source of infamy and hatred not only to himself but also to the general.

Syntax notes5 items
  1. 29.9.2sequentibus, quorum erat

    An ablative absolute construction where the relative clause quorum erat "to whom [the cup] belonged" modifies the omitted antecedent of sequentibus "those who were pursuing" (sequentibus [iis], quorum erat). While some might interpret sequentibus as a dative with obvius, the following Sergio et Matieno clearly serves as the dative object of obvius, making the ablative absolute interpretation more natural in this context.

  2. 29.9.3ut suis quisque opportunus advenerat

    The adjective opportunus ("opportune, convenient") agrees with the subject quisque but functions adverbially to mean "seasonably, at the right moment." suis is a dative of reference or direction referring to "their own men" (their respective comrades), depending on advenerat.

  3. 29.9.5dum spoliandis iis ... tempus teritur

    spoliandis iis is a gerundive construction in the ablative (or dative), meaning "in stripping them" or "by their being stripped." In the dum clause (with the present indicative teritur), it describes the situation where Pleminius's men were wasting time due to the tribunes' resistance.

  4. 29.9.10nec quemquam aestimare alium eam litem posse, nisi qui

    An accusative with infinitive construction in indirect discourse continuing from ratus ("thinking") in the previous sentence. The accusative subject of the infinitive aestimare is quemquam alium, and its object is eam litem. nisi qui... ("except one who...") sets the exception to this.

  5. 29.9.12tunc ab ira multiplicia edere, infamiae atque invidiae non sibi modo sed etiam imperatori esse

    edere and esse are historical infinitives used in place of imperfect indicative verbs to create a vivid narrative style. Additionally, infamiae atque invidiae ... sibi ... imperatori esse is a "double dative" construction combining datives of purpose/tendency (infamiae, invidiae) and datives of reference (sibi, imperatori).

Translated by Gemini 3.5 Flash (published 2026-05-25) · Revision history (2, latest 2026-09-22)
  • 2026-09-22 AI review — source 2
urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:29.9.1-29.9.12