- Source
- Titi Livi ab urbe condita libri editionem priman, Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:23.49.1-23.49.14
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-10-25
In Rome, private contractors stepped forward to supply the army under favorable conditions, while in Spain, the Scipio brothers successfully raised the siege of Iliturgi and won another major victory at Intibili, bringing most of Spain over to the Roman side.
ubi ea dies venit, ad conducendum tres societates aderant hominum undeviginti, quorum duo postulata fuere: unum, ut militia vacarent, dum in eo publico essent, alterum, ut, quae in naves inposuissent, ab hostium tempestatisque vi publico periculo essent.1
When that day came, three companies, consisting of nineteen men, came forward to contract; they made two demands: one, that they should be exempt from military service as long as they were engaged in this public business; the other, that whatever they should put on board the ships should be at the state’s risk against the violence of the enemy and of storms.
utroque impetrato conduxerunt, privataque pecunia res publica administrata est. ii mores eaque caritas patriae per omnes ordines velut tenore uno pertinebat.
Both demands being granted, they undertook the contracts, and the affairs of the state were managed by private money. Such public spirit and such love of country pervaded all classes like a single thread.
quem ad modum conducta omnia magno animo sunt, sic summa fide praebita, nec quicquam parcius militibus datum,quam si ex opulento aerario, ut quondam, alerentur.2
Just as all the contracts were undertaken with great spirit, so they were fulfilled with the utmost fidelity, nor was anything supplied to the soldiers more sparingly than if they were supported, as formerly, from an abundant treasury.
cum hi commeatus venerunt Iliturgi oppidum ab Hasdrubale ac Magone et Hannibale Bomilcaris filio ob defectionem ad Romanos oppugnabatur.
When these supplies arrived, the town of Iliturgi was being besieged by Hasdrubal, Mago, and Hannibal, the son of Bomilcar, because of its defection to the Romans.
inter haec trina castra hostium Scipiones cum in urbem sociorum magno certamine ac strage obsistentium pervenissent, frumentum, cuius inopia erat, advexerunt, cohortatique oppidanos, ut eodem animo moenia tutarentur, quo pro se pugnantem Romanum exercitum vidissent, ad castra maxima oppugnanda, quibus Hasdrubal praeerat, ducunt. eodem et duo duces et duo exercitus Carthaginiensium, ibi rem summam agi cernentes, convenerunt.
Between these three camps of the enemy, the Scipios, having made their way into the city of their allies with a great struggle and a slaughter of those opposing them, brought in grain, which was in short supply; and having exhorted the townsmen to defend their walls with the same spirit with which they had seen the Roman army fighting for them, they led their forces to attack the largest camp, which Hasdrubal commanded. To the same place the two Carthaginian generals and their two armies also came, seeing that the supreme issue was being decided there.
itaque eruptione e castris pugnatum est. sexaginta hostium milia eo die in pugna fuerunt, sedecim circa ab Romanis.
Therefore, a battle was fought by a sally from the camp. On that day, sixty thousand of the enemy were in the battle, and about sixteen thousand on the side of the Romans.
tamen adeo haud dubia victoria fuit ut plures numero, quam ipsi erant, Romani hostium occiderint, ceperint amplius tria milia hominum, paulo minus mille equorum, undesexaginta militaria signa, septem elephantos, quinque in proelio occisis, trinisque eo die castris potiti sint.
Yet the victory was so far from doubtful that the Romans killed more of the enemy than their own total number, captured more than three thousand men, a little less than a thousand horses, fifty-nine military standards, and seven elephants (five having been killed in the battle), and made themselves masters of the three camps on that day.
Iliturgi obsidione liberato ad Intibili oppugnandum Punici exercitus traducti suppletis copiis ex provincia, ut quae maxime omnium belli avida,3 modo praeda aut merces esset, et tum iuventute abundante.
After the siege of Iliturgi was raised, the Carthaginian armies were marched to besiege Intibili, having recruited their forces from the province, which was, of all others, most eager for war, provided only there was plunder or pay, and was at that time abounding in young men.
iterum signis conlatis eadem fortuna utriusque partis pugnatum. supra tredecim milia hostium caesa, supra duo capta cum signis duobus et quadraginta et novem elephantis.
Again the standards were joined, and a battle was fought with the same fortune for both sides. More than thirteen thousand of the enemy were slain, and more than two thousand captured, along with forty-two standards and nine elephants.
tum vero omnes prope Hispaniae populi ad Romanos defecerunt, multoque maiores ea aestate in Hispania quam in Italia res gestae.
Then indeed almost all the peoples of Spain revolted to the Romans, and far greater deeds were performed in Spain that summer than in Italy.
- 23.49.2ab hostium tempestatisque vi publico periculo essent
"publico periculo" is an ablative of manner (or condition) meaning "at the public risk" or "at the state's risk." It indicates a contract clause whereby the state would bear the loss if the transported goods were destroyed by enemy action or storm.
- 23.49.4quam si ex opulento aerario, ut quondam, alerentur
This is a hypothetical comparative clause following the comparative "parcius." The subjunctive imperfect "alerentur" expresses a condition contrary to present fact, highlighting the reality that the treasury was actually depleted.
- 23.49.12ut quae maxime omnium belli avida
This consists of the relative pronoun "quae" (referring back to the antecedent "provincia", i.e., Spain) combined with "ut" to introduce a clause of characteristic or cause ("as being a province that..."). It governs the subjunctive "esset".