- Source
- Titi Livi ab urbe condita libri editionem priman, Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
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- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:10.33.1-10.33.10
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-10-22
Consul Atilius rallies his surprised troops to defend and clear the camp, repelling the Samnites despite heavy Roman losses. Afterward, the other consul Postumius arrives, forcing the Samnites to withdraw, and both consuls proceed to ravage the enemy territory.
consul tumultu excitus cohortes duas sociorum, Lucanam Suessanamque, quae proximae forte erant, tueri praetorium iubet; manipulos legionum principali via inducit.
The consul, aroused by the tumult, ordered two cohorts of the allies, the Lucanian and the Suessan, which happened to be nearest, to defend the headquarters; he led the maniples of the legions in through the principal street.
vixdum satis aptatis armis in ordines eunt et clamore magis quam oculis hostem noscunt, nec, quantus numerus sit, aestimari potest. cedunt primo, incerti fortunae suae, et hostem introrsum in media castra accipiunt; inde, cum consul vociferaretur, expulsine extra vallum castra deinde sua oppugnaturi essent,1 rogitans, clamore sublato conixi primo resistunt, deinde inferunt pedem urgentque et inpulsos semel terrore eodem, quo coeperunt,2 expellunt extra portam vallumque.
With their arms scarcely yet properly fitted, they went into their ranks and recognized the enemy more by their shouting than by sight, nor could it be estimated how great their number was. At first they gave way, uncertain of their fortune, and admitted the enemy inside into the middle of the camp; then, when the consul vociferated, asking whether they were going to attack their own camp after being expelled outside the rampart, and repeatedly questioned them, they raised a shout and, exerting themselves, at first resisted, then advanced their foot and pressed them, and once they were pushed back, they expelled them outside the gate and the rampart by the same terror with which they had begun to flee.
inde pergere ac persequi, quia turbida lux metum circa insidiarum faciebat, non ausi, liberatis castris contenti receperunt se intra vallum trecentis ferme hostium occisis.
Not daring to proceed and pursue from there, because the dim light created a fear of ambushes around them, and content with having cleared the camp, they withdrew inside the rampart, with about three hundred of the enemy killed.
Romanorum stationis primae vigilumque et eorum, qui circa quaestorium oppressi, periere ad septingenti triginta.3 animos inde Samnitibus non infelix audacia auxit, et non modo proferre inde castra Romanum sed ne pabulari quidem per agros suos patiebantur; retro in pacatum Soranum agrum pabulatores ibant. quarum rerum fama, tumultuosior etiam quam res erat, perlata Romam coegit L. Postumium consulem vixdum validum proficisci ex urbe.
Of the Romans, about seven hundred and thirty perished, including those of the first guard-post and the sentries, and those who were surprised and killed around the quaestor’s quarters. This not unsuccessful boldness increased the courage of the Samnites thereafter, and they did not allow the Romans to move their camp forward from there, nor even to forage through their fields; the foragers went back into the peaceful territory of Sora. The rumor of these events, even more alarming than the reality was, when brought to Rome, compelled the consul Lucius Postumius, though scarcely yet fully recovered, to set out from the city.
prius tamen quam exiret, militibus edicto Soram iussis convenire,4 ipse aedem Victoriae, quam aedilis curulis ex multaticia pecunia faciendam curaverat, dedicavit.
Before he departed, however, having ordered the soldiers by an edict to assemble at Sora, he himself dedicated the temple of Victory, which he had seen to being built from fines when he was curule aedile.
ita ad exercitum profectus ab Sora in Samnium ad castra collegae perrexit. inde postquam Samnites, diffisi duobus exercitibus resisti posse,5 recesserunt, diversi consules ad vastandos agros urbesque oppugnandas discedunt.
Having thus set out to the army, he proceeded from Sora into Samnium to his colleague’s camp. Then, after the Samnites withdrew, distrusting that resistance could be made against two armies, the consuls departed in different directions to devastate the fields and attack the cities.
- 10.33.3expulsine ... oppugnaturi essent
An indirect question consisting of the perfect participle expulsi with the enclitic -ne and the active periphrastic subjunctive imperfect oppugnaturi essent (future active participle + essent). It expresses the content of the main verb vociferaretur (shouted out), forming a sarcastic question: "whether they were going to attack their own camp after being expelled."
- 10.33.4terrore eodem, quo coeperunt
quo is a relative pronoun in the ablative case, agreeing with the antecedent terrore. An infinitive such as fugere (to flee) or pavere (to be terrified) is understood with coeperunt (they began). Thus, it is interpreted as "by the same terror with which they began to flee."
- 10.33.6ad septingenti triginta
The preposition ad is used adverbially to mean "about, approximately," and the subsequent numeral septingenti triginta remains in the nominative case as the subject of periere, unaffected by any case government.
- 10.33.9militibus edicto Soram iussis convenire
militibus iussis (the soldiers having been ordered) forms an ablative absolute. edicto is an ablative of means ("by an edict"). The infinitive convenire depends on iussis.
- 10.33.10diffisi duobus exercitibus resisti posse
diffisi is the perfect participle of the semi-deponent verb diffido (to distrust, lack confidence), here expressing cause ("distrusting that..."). resisti is the impersonal passive infinitive of the intransitive verb resisto (to resist), taking the dative duobus exercitibus (by/against two armies), meaning "that resistance could be made against two armies."