- Source
- Titi Livi ab urbe condita libri editionem priman, Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
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- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0914.phi001.humanitext-lat2:10.11.1-10.11.13
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- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-10-22
Following the accidental death of consul Manlius, Marcus Valerius is elected as his successor and successfully represses the Etruscans. Meanwhile, the Roman senate learns of the hostile designs of the Samnites through the Picentines, and Lucanian envoys arrive to seek protection and alliance against Samnite aggression.
T. Manlio consuli provincia Etruria sorte evenit; qui vixdum ingressus hostium finis cum exerceretur inter equites, ab rapido cursu circumagendo equo effusus extemplo prope expiravit. tertius ab eo casu dies finis vitae consuli fuit.
The province of Etruria fell by lot to the consul Titus Manlius; who, having scarcely entered the enemy’s territory, while he was exercising among the cavalry, was thrown from his horse as he was turning it from a rapid gallop, and immediately was almost expired. The third day after that accident was the end of life for the consul.
quo velut omine belli accepto deos pro se commisisse bellum memorantes Etrusci sustulere animos.
The Etruscans, receiving this as if an omen of war, and asserting that the gods had joined battle on their behalf, raised their spirits.
Romae cum desiderio viri tum incommoditate temporis tristis nuntius fuit; patres ab iubendo dictatore consulis subrogandi comitia ex sententia principum habita deterruerunt.1
At Rome, the news was sorrowful both on account of regret for the man and because of the inconvenience of the season; the holding of the comitia for substituting a consul, which was conducted according to the opinion of the leading men, deterred the senators from ordering a dictator.
M. Valerium consulem omnes sententiae centuriaeque dixere, quem senatus dictatorem dici iussurus fuerat. tum extemplo in Etruriam ad legiones proficisci iussit.
All the votes and centuries declared Marcus Valerius as consul, whom the senate had been going to order to be declared dictator. Then immediately it ordered him to set out to the legions in Etruria.
adventus eius conpressit Etruscos adeo, ut nemo extra munimenta egredi auderet timorque ipsorum obsidioni similis esset.
His arrival so repressed the Etruscans that no one dared to step outside the fortifications, and their own fear was like a blockade .
neque illos novus consul vastandis agris urendisque tectis, cum passim non villae solum sed frequentes quoque vici incendiis fumarent, elicere ad certamen potuit.
Nor could the new consul, by devastating the lands and burning the houses—though everywhere not only farmhouses but also populous villages were smoking with fires—entice them to battle.
cum hoc segnius bellum opinione esset, alterius belli, quod multis in vicem cladibus haud inmerito terribile erat, fama Picentium, novorum sociorum, indicio exorta est: Samnites arma et rebellionem spectare seque ab iis sollicitatos esse.
While this war was slower than expectation, the rumor of another war, which on account of many mutual disasters was not without merit terrible, arose on the information of the Picentines, the new allies: that the Samnites were looking to arms and rebellion, and that they themselves had been solicited by them.
Picentibus gratiae actae et magna pars curae patribus ab Etruria in Samnites versa est.
Thanks were given to the Picentines, and a great part of the concern of the senators was turned from Etruria to the Samnites.
caritas etiam annonae sollicitam civitatem habuit ventumque ad inopiae ultimum foret, ut scripsere, quibus aedilem fuisse eo anno Fabium Maximum placet, ni eius viri cura, qualis in bellicis rebus multis tempestatibus fuerat, talis domi tum in annonae dispensatione praeparando ac convehendo frumento fuisset.2
The high price of provisions also kept the state anxious, and it would have come to the extremity of want, as those wrote who assert that Fabius Maximus was aedile that year, had not the care of that man, such as it had been in military affairs on many difficult occasions, been such at home then in the distribution of provisions and in procuring and bringing in grain.
eo anno — nec traditur causa — interregnum initum. interreges fuere Ap. Claudius, dein P. Sulpicius. is comitia consularia habuit; creavit L. Cornelium Scipionem, Cn. Fulvium consules.
In that year—nor is the cause recorded—an interregnum was entered upon. The interreges were Appius Claudius, then Publius Sulpicius. He held the consular comitia; he elected Lucius Cornelius Scipio and Gnaeus Fulvius as consuls.
principio huius anni oratores Lucanorum ad novos consules venerunt questum, quia condicionibus perlicere se nequiverint ad societatem armorum, Samnites infesto exercitu ingressos fines suos vastare belloque ad bellum cogere.
At the beginning of this year, envoys of the Lucanians came to the new consuls to complain that, because they could not entice them by conditions to an alliance of arms, the Samnites had entered their territory with a hostile army, were devastating it, and by war were forcing them to war.
Lucano populo satis superque erratum quondam,3 nunc ita obstinatos animos esse, ut omnia ferre ac pati tolerabilius ducant, quam ut umquam postea nomen Romanum violent.
For the Lucanian people, they had erred enough and more than enough once, and now their minds were so resolved that they considered it more tolerable to bear and suffer all things than that they should ever after violate the Roman name.
orare patres, ut et Lucanos in fidem accipiant et vim atque iniuriam ab se Samnitium arceant: se, quamquam bello cum Samnitibus suscepto necessaria iam facta adversus Romanos fides sit,4 tamen obsides dare paratos esse.
They prayed the senators both to receive the Lucanians into protection and to ward off from them the violence and injustice of the Samnites; they, although by undertaking war with the Samnites loyalty toward the Romans had already been made necessary, were nevertheless ready to give hostages.
- 10.11.3patres ab iubendo dictatore consulis subrogandi comitia ex sententia principum habita deterruerunt
The subject of the sentence is the neuter plural comitia ... habita (the holding of the comitia), and patres (accusative) is the direct object of the transitive verb deterruerunt. The sentence means 'the holding of the comitia to substitute a consul deterred the senators from ordering a dictator.' Treating patres as the subject and comitia as the object is grammatically untenable given the gender and case endings.
- 10.11.9ventumque ad inopiae ultimum foret ... ni ... fuisset
The main clause ventum foret is an impersonal passive of the intransitive verb venire (equivalent to ventum esset), using the pluperfect subjunctive to form the apodosis of a past contrary-to-fact conditional sentence. The pluperfect subjunctive fuisset in the conditional clause serves as the protasis.
- 10.11.12Lucano populo satis superque erratum quondam
The impersonal passive of the intransitive verb errare is used as erratum [esse], with the agent of the action expressed by the dative Lucano populo (dative of agent). Literally, 'it had been erred once by the Lucanian people enough and more than enough,' expressing their deep regret over past mistakes.
- 10.11.13quamquam bello cum Samnitibus suscepto necessaria iam facta adversus Romanos fides sit
The noun fides refers to 'loyalty or alliance' directed toward the Romans, as indicated by adversus Romanos. The phrase necessaria iam facta... fides sit expresses the political logic that by undertaking a war with the Samnites (Rome's enemy), the Lucanians' alliance and loyalty to Rome have already become practically inevitable.