- Source
- Vergil. The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics Of Virgil. Greenough, J.B., editor. Boston: Ginn and Company, 1881.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0690.phi003.humanitext-lat2:10.154-10.231
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-10-30
Aeneas forms an alliance with Tarchon of Tuscany and sets sail with a fleet of allied Etruscan forces. During the voyage, the sea nymphs, who were once Trojan ships, approach him and warn him of the danger to his camp.
iungit opes foedusque ferit; tum libera fati1
joins forces and strikes a treaty; then, free from fate,
classem conscendit iussis gens Lydia divom,
the Lydian race boards the fleet at the bidding of the gods,
externo commissa duci. Aeneia puppis
committed to a foreign leader. The ship of Aeneas
prima tenet, rostro Phrygios subiuncta leones,
holds the lead, with Phrygian lions harnessed under her beak,
imminet Ida super, profugis gratissima Teucris.
while Mount Ida towers above, most dear to the exiled Trojans.
Hic magnus sedet Aeneas secumque volutat
Here great Aeneas sits and revolves in his mind
eventus belli varios, Pallasque sinistro
the varied outcomes of war, and Pallas, clinging to his left
adfixus lateri iam quaerit sidera, opacae
side, now asks about the stars, the path of the dark
noctis iter, iam quae passus terraque marique.
night, and now about what he had suffered on land and sea.
Pandite nunc Helicona, deae, cantusque movete,
Open Helicon now, goddesses, and stir up your songs,
quae manus interea Tuscis comitetur ab oris
to tell what force meanwhile accompanies Aeneas from Tuscan shores
Aenean armetque rates pelagoque vehatur.
and arms his ships and is carried on the deep.
Massicus aerata princeps secat aequora tigri:
Massicus first cuts the waters in his bronze-plated Tiger:
sub quo mille manus iuvenum, qui moenia Clusi
under whom is a band of a thousand youths, who left the walls of Clusium
quique urbem liquere Cosas, quis tela sagittae
and who left the city of Cosae; whose weapons are arrows,
gorytique leves umeris et letifer arcus.
light quivers on their shoulders, and a deadly bow.
Una torvus Abas: huic totum insignibus armis
With him is grim Abas: all his troop shone with noble armor
agmen et aurato fulgebat Apolline puppis.
and his ship gleamed with a gilded Apollo.
Sescentos illi dederat Populonia mater
Mother Populonia had given him six hundred
expertos belli iuvenes, ast Ilva trecentos
youths experienced in war, and Ilva three hundred,
insula inexhaustis Chalybum generosa metallis.
an island noble with inexhaustible mines of the Chalybes.
Tertius ille hominum divomque interpres Asilas,
Third comes Asilas, that interpreter of men and gods,
cui pecudum fibrae, caeli cui sidera parent
whom the entrails of beasts, the stars of heaven obey,
et linguae volucrum et praesagi fulminis ignes,
and the tongues of birds and the presaging fires of lightning;
mille rapit densos acie atque horrentibus hastis.
he rushes a thousand men, dense in array and with bristling spears.
Hos parere iubent Alpheae ab origine Pisae,2
These Pisae, Etruscan in soil, Alphean in origin,
urbs Etrusca solo. Sequitur pulcherrimus Astur,
orders to obey him. Most beautiful Astur follows,
Astur equo fidens et versicoloribus armis.
Astur trusting in his horse and many-colored armor.
Tercentum adiciunt (mens omnibus una sequendi)
Three hundred add themselves (all have one mind to follow)
qui Caerete domo, qui sunt Minionis in arvis,
who are from homes in Caere, who are in the fields of the Minio,
et Pyrgi veteres intempestaeque Graviscae.
and ancient Pyrgi and unhealthy Graviscae.
Non ego te, Ligurum ductor fortissime bello,
I would not pass you by, bravest leader of the Ligurians in war,
transierim, Cinyre, et paucis comitate Cupavo,
Cinyras, and Cupavo accompanied by few,
cuius olorinae surgunt de vertice pennae,
from whose crest rise swan feathers,
crimen, Amor, vestrum3 formaeque insigne paternae.
a charge against you, Amor, and the emblem of his father’s form.
Namque ferunt luctu Cycnum Phaethontis amati,
For they say that Cycnus, out of grief for his beloved Phaethon,
populeas inter frondes umbramque sororum
while he sang among the poplar leaves and the shade of the sisters,
dum canit et maestum Musa solatur amorem,
and consoled his sad love with the Muse,
canentem molli pluma duxisse senectam,
brought on a white old age in soft plumage,
linquentem terras et sidera voce sequentem.
leaving the earth and following the stars with his voice.
Filius, aequalis comitatus classe catervas,
His son, accompanying his equal bands with the fleet,
ingentem remis Centaurum promovet: ille
drives forward the huge Centaur with oars: the ship
instat aquae saxumque undis immane minatur
presses the water and threatens the waves with a huge rock,
arduus et longa sulcat maria alta carina.
towering high, and furrows the deep seas with its long keel.
Ille etiam patriis agmen ciet Ocnus ab oris,
That Ocnus too summons a troop from his native shores,
fatidicae Mantus et Tusci filius amnis,
son of prophetic Manto and the Tuscan river,
qui muros matrisque dedit tibi, Mantua, nomen,
who gave you walls, Mantua, and your mother’s name,
Mantua, dives avis; sed non genus omnibus unum:
Mantua, rich in ancestors; but they do not all have one race:
gens illi triplex, populi sub gente quaterni,
she has a threefold race, four peoples under each race,
ipsa caput populis, Tusco de sanguine vires.
herself the head of the peoples, her strength from Tuscan blood.
Hinc quoque quingentos in se Mezentius armat,
Hence too Mezentius arms five hundred against himself,
quos patre Benaco velatus harundine glauca
whom Mincius, from father Benacus, veiled in gray reed,
Mincius infesta ducebat in aequora pinu.
led into the sea in a hostile pine.
It gravis Aulestes centenaque arbore fluctum
Heavy Aulestes goes and, rising, strikes the flood
verberat adsurgens, spumant vada marmore verso.
with a hundred trees; the waters foam as the surface is overturned.
Hunc vehit immanis Triton et caerula concha
The immense Triton carries him, terrifying the blue seas
exterrens freta, cui laterum tenus hispida nanti
with his shell; as he swims, his shaggy front down to the flanks
frons hominem praefert, in pristim desinit alvus:
presents a man, and his belly ends in a sea monster:
spumea semifero sub pectore murmurat unda.
the foamy wave murmurs beneath his half-wild breast.
Tot lecti proceres ter denis navibus ibant
So many chosen leaders went in thirty ships
subsidio Troiae et campos salis aera secabant.
to the aid of Troy, and cut the salt plains with bronze.
Iamque dies caelo concesserat almaque curru
And now day had departed from the sky, and kindly
noctivago Phoebe medium pulsabat Olympum:
Phoebe in her night-wandering chariot was striking mid-Olympus:
Aeneas (neque enim membris dat cura quietem)
Aeneas (for care gives no rest to his limbs)
ipse sedens clavumque regit velisque ministrat.
himself sitting, guides the rudder and attends to the sails.
Atque illi medio in spatio chorus ecce suarum
And behold, in the middle of his course, a band of his own
occurrit comitum: nymphae, quas alma Cybebe
companions meets him: the nymphs, whom kindly Cybele
numen habere maris nymphasque e navibus esse4
had ordered to have the divinity of the sea and to be nymphs from ships,
iusserat, innabant pariter fluctusque secabant,
were swimming abreast and cutting the waves,
quot prius aeratae steterant ad litora prorae.
as many as had previously stood as bronze-plated prows on the shore.
Agnoscunt longe regem lustrantque choreis,
They recognize the king from afar and encircle him with dances;
quarum quae fandi doctissima Cymodocea
of whom Cymodocea, the most skilled in speaking,
pone sequens dextra puppim tenet ipsaque dorso
following behind, holds the stern with her right hand, and rises
eminet ac laeva tacitis subremigat undis,
with her back, while she paddles beneath the silent waves with her left,
tum sic ignarum adloquitur: Vigilasne, deum gens,
then thus addresses him in his ignorance: “Are you awake, offspring of the gods,
Aenea? Vigila et velis immitte rudentis.
Aeneas? Awake, and let loose the sheets of the sails.
Nos sumus, Idaeae sacro de vertice pinus,
We are the pines from the sacred peak of Ida,
nunc pelagi nymphae, classis tua. Perfidus ut nos
now nymphs of the sea, your fleet. When the treacherous one...
- 10.154libera fati
The adjective libera ("free", "released") governs the genitive of separation fati. This indicates that the Etruscan people are "released from the constraint of fate" (the oracle forbidding them to submit to a native leader) by accepting Aeneas.
- 10.179Alpheae ab origine Pisae
Pisae is a feminine plural noun acting as the subject of the sentence. With the verb iubent ("order"), it forms an accusative with infinitive construction: "order them (hos) to obey (parere)."
- 10.188crimen, Amor, vestrum
vestrum is a second-person plural possessive adjective. Although addressing the singular vocative Amor, it is used as a plural referring to Amor and his mother Venus (the gods of love), or to the lovers. It means Cycnus's tragic transformation is a "charge against you (the gods of love)."
- 10.221numen habere maris nymphasque e navibus esse
An accusative with infinitive construction introduced by iusserat ("had ordered"). The subject of the infinitives habere and esse is the "ships (naves)" which became the nymphs and is omitted from the clause. It means Cybele "had ordered the ships to have the divinity of the sea and to be nymphs from ships."