- Source
- Julius Caesar. Aulus Hirtius. C. Iuli Commentarii Rerum in Gallia Gestarum VII A. Hirti Commentarius VII. Holmes, T. Rice (Thomas Rice), editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1914.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0448.phi001.humanitext-lat2:8.47.1-8.47.3
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-05
At his winter quarters, Caesar learns that Commius the Atrebatian continues his resistance, supporting his followers through plunder and attacking Roman supply convoys.
Ibi cognoscit Commium Atrebatem proelio cum equitatu suo contendisse.
There he learned that Commius the Atrebatian had engaged in battle with his cavalry.
Nam cum Antonius in hiberna venisset, civitasque Atrebatum in officio esset, Commius, qui post illam vulnerationem, quam supra commemoravi, semper ad omnes motus paratus suis civibus esse consuesset,1 ne consilia belli quaerentibus auctor armorum duxque deesset, parente Romanis civitate2 cum suis equitibus latrociniis se suosque alebat infestisque itineribus3 commeatus complures, qui comportabantur in hiberna Romanorum, intercipiebat.
For when Antonius had come into winter quarters, and the state of the Atrebates was remaining in its allegiance, Commius—who, after that wound which I have mentioned above, had always been accustomed to be ready for his fellow-citizens for all commotions, so that a leader and adviser of arms might not be wanting to those who were seeking plans of war— while his state was obeying the Romans, supported himself and his men by robberies with his cavalry, and, by rendering the roads dangerous, intercepted several convoys of provisions that were being carried into the winter quarters of the Romans.
- 8.47.2consuesset
A syncopated form of consuevisset, the pluperfect subjunctive of consuesco (to accustom oneself). Since the perfect tense of this verb has a present meaning ('to be accustomed'), the pluperfect denotes a past habit ('had been accustomed'). The subjunctive is used in the relative clause introduced by qui to express characteristic.
- 8.47.3parente Romanis civitate
An ablative absolute construction consisting of the present participle parente (from pareo, 'to obey', in the ablative singular) and civitate (ablative singular of civitas, 'state'). Since the verb pareo governs the dative case, Romanis is the dative dependent on parente.
- 8.47.3infestis itineribus
Consisting of the ablative plural of iter (road, route) and the adjective infestus (hostile, dangerous). It can be interpreted either as an ablative of means ('by making the roads dangerous') or an ablative of attendant circumstances ('the roads being infested'), indicating Commius's guerrilla-style harassment of the routes.
Translated by Gemini 3.5 Flash (published 2026-05-25) · Revision history (1, latest 2026-09-21)
- 2026-09-21 AI review — translation 1