- Source
- Julius Caesar. Aulus Hirtius. C. Iuli Commentarii Rerum in Gallia Gestarum VII A. Hirti Commentarius VII. Holmes, T. Rice (Thomas Rice), editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1914.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0448.phi001.humanitext-lat2:4.28.1-4.28.3
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-10-28
After peace is established, eighteen ships carrying the cavalry set sail for Britain but are struck by a violent storm; some are driven back to their starting point, while others are cast to the south-west and forced to return to the continent in the dark.
His rebus pace confirmata, post diem quartum quam1 est in Britanniam ventum2 naves XVIII, de quibus supra demonstratum est, quae equites sustulerant, ex superiore portu leni vento solverunt.
When peace had been established by these transactions, on the fourth day after their arrival in Britain, the eighteen ships, which have been mentioned above and which had taken the cavalry on board, set sail from the upper port with a gentle wind.
Quae cum adpropinquarent Britanniae et ex castris viderentur, tanta tempestas subito coorta est ut nulla earum cursum tenere posset, sed aliae eodem unde erant profectae referrentur, aliae ad inferiorem partem insulae, quae est propius solis occasum,3 magno suo cum periculo deicerentur;
When these were approaching Britain and were seen from the camp, so great a storm suddenly arose that none of them could keep their course, but some were carried back to the same place from which they had started, while others were driven down, with great danger to themselves, to the lower part of the island, which is nearer to the west.
quae tamen ancoris iactis cum fluctibus complerentur,4 necessario adversa nocte5 in altum provectae continentem petierunt.
And although these, after casting anchor, were being filled with the waves, they were of necessity, as night was coming on, carried out into the deep and made for the continent.
- 4.28.1post diem quartum quam
An expression based on the Roman inclusive reckoning (where the starting day is counted as the first day). It practically means "on the third day after" their arrival.
- 4.28.1est in Britanniam ventum
An impersonal passive construction using the perfect passive third-person singular neuter of the intransitive verb venire, meaning "they arrived in Britain."
- 4.28.2propius solis occasum
The comparative adverb propius functions prepositionally, governing the accusative solis occasum ("the setting of the sun", i.e., the west) to mean "nearer to the west."
- 4.28.3quae tamen ancoris iactis cum fluctibus complerentur
The relative pronoun quae is a connecting relative referring to the aliae (the ships driven to the south-west) in the preceding sentence. The cum clause with the subjunctive complerentur expresses the adversarial circumstance or cause ("since they were being filled with waves").
- 4.28.3adversa nocte
An ablative of circumstance combining the adjective adversus (opposing, coming on) and the noun nox (night). It indicates sailing under the difficult conditions of "night coming on" or "against the darkness of the night."