- Source
- Julius Caesar. Aulus Hirtius. C. Iuli Commentarii Rerum in Gallia Gestarum VII A. Hirti Commentarius VII. Holmes, T. Rice (Thomas Rice), editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1914.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0448.phi001.humanitext-lat2:3.5.1-3.5.3
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-10-26
With the intense battle continuing for over six hours, the camp faces an extreme crisis. Centurion Baculus and Tribune Volusenus suggest a sally as the only hope, prompting Galba to order his exhausted soldiers to rest briefly before executing a sudden counter-attack.
Cum iam amplius horis sex continenter pugnaretur, ac non solum vires sed etiam tela nostros deficerent, atque hostes acrius instarent languidioribusque nostris1 vallum scindere et fossas complere coepissent, resque esset iam ad extremum perducta casum, P. Sextius Baculus, primi pili centurio, quem Nervico proelio compluribus confectum vulneribus diximus, et item C. Volusenus, tribunus militum, vir et consilii magni et virtutis, ad Galbam accurrunt atque unam esse spem salutis docent, si eruptione facta extremum auxilium experirentur.2
When the battle had already been going on continuously for more than six hours, and not only strength but also weapons were failing our men, and the enemy was pressing on more fiercely and had begun, as our men grew weaker, to tear down the rampart and fill up the trenches, and the situation had now been brought to the ultimate crisis, Publius Sextius Baculus, a centurion of the first rank, whom we have mentioned as being disabled by many wounds in the battle against the Nervii, and likewise Gaius Volusenus, a military tribune, a man of great counsel and valor, ran to Galba and informed him that the only hope of safety was, if they made a sally, to try their last resource.
Itaque convocatis centurionibus celeriter milites certiores facit, paulisper intermitterent proelium3 ac tantum modo tela missa exciperent seque ex labore reficerent, post dato signo ex castris erumperent, atque omnem spem salutis in virtute ponerent.
Therefore, quickly calling the centurions together, he made the soldiers understand that they should interrupt the battle for a short time, and only intercept the weapons thrown at them and refresh themselves from their fatigue, and afterwards, when the signal was given, break out of the camp and place all hope of safety in their valor.
- 3.5.1languidioribusque nostris
Analyzed as an ablative absolute ("our men being more exhausted"), expressing the attendant circumstance or cause for the enemy's actions. While some might construe it as a dative, the ablative absolute construction fits the context more naturally.
- 3.5.2si eruptione facta extremum auxilium experirentur
A conditional clause in indirect discourse. Since the main verb docent is a historical present (treated as a secondary tense), the subjunctive in the dependent clause is in the imperfect (experirentur). eruptione facta is an ablative absolute embedded within this conditional clause, functioning as "if a sally were made".
- 3.5.3paulisper intermitterent proelium
A subjunctive of indirect command following milites certiores facit ("he informs/instructs the soldiers"). The conjunction ut introducing the purpose/command clause is omitted, and the verbs intermitterent, exciperent, reficerent, erumperent, and ponerent form a coordinate sequence of indirect commands. The imperfect tense is used due to the historical present of the main verb.