- Source
- Julius Caesar. Aulus Hirtius. C. Iuli Commentarii Rerum in Gallia Gestarum VII A. Hirti Commentarius VII. Holmes, T. Rice (Thomas Rice), editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1914.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:latinLit:phi0448.phi001.humanitext-lat2:3.16.1-3.16.4
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-10-27
The war with the Veneti is concluded; following their surrender, Caesar executes their entire senate and sells the rest into slavery to ensure that the rights of ambassadors are respected by barbarians in the future.
Quo proelio bellum Venetorum totiusque orae maritimae confectum est.
By this battle, the war with the Veneti and the whole maritime coast was finished.
Nam cum omnis iuventus, omnes etiam gravioris aetatis in quibus aliquid consilii aut dignitatis fuit eo convenerant, tum navium quod ubique fuerat1 in unum locum coegerant;
For not only had all their youth, and even all those of a more advanced age in whom there was any counsel or authority, assembled there, but they had also collected in one place whatever ships there had been anywhere;
quibus amissis reliqui neque quo se reciperent neque quem ad modum oppida defenderent habebant.
and when these were lost, the survivors had neither any place to which they could retreat, nor any means by which they could defend their towns.
Itaque se suaque omnia Caesari dediderunt. In quos eo gravius Caesar vindicandum2 statuit quo diligentius3 in reliquum tempus a barbaris ius legatorum conservaretur. Itaque omni senatu necato reliquos sub corona vendidit.
Therefore, they surrendered themselves and all their possessions to Caesar. Caesar decided that they should be punished the more severely for this reason, that the right of ambassadors might be more carefully observed by barbarians for the future. Therefore, having put all their senate to death, he sold the rest as slaves.
- 3.16.2navium quod ubique fuerat
navium is a partitive genitive depending on the neuter singular relative pronoun quod. Literally 'that of the ships which had been anywhere', meaning 'all the ships that were everywhere'.
- 3.16.4vindicandum
The neuter singular of the gerundive, forming an impersonal passive periphrastic infinitive with esse omitted. It functions as the object of statuit, taking in quos to mean 'that punishment ought to be inflicted upon them'.
- 3.16.4eo gravius ... quo diligentius
A correlative construction using the ablatives of degree of difference, eo and quo, with comparatives, meaning 'the more... the more...'. Here it expresses that the punishment should be 'the more severe, so that the right of ambassadors might be the more carefully observed'.
Translated by Gemini 3.5 Flash (published 2026-05-25) · Revision history (1, latest 2026-09-21)
- 2026-09-21 AI review — note 1