- Source
- Polybius. Vols. 1-4. Büttner-Wobst, Theodor, editor. Leipzig: Teubner, 1893.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:16.2.1-16.2.10
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-08
Realizing his disadvantage, Philip attempts to withdraw by sea to Samos to outwit the enemy, but his departure is detected by the allied forces of Attalus and Theophiliscus, leading to a naval battle.
ὁ δὲ Φίλιππος, τῶν μὲν κατὰ τὴν πολιορκίαν ἀντιπιπτόντων αὐτῷ, τῶν δὲ πολεμίων ἐφορμούντων πλείοσι1 καταφράκτοις ναυσίν, ἠπορεῖτο καὶ δυσχρήστως διέκειτο περὶ τοῦ μέλλοντος.
Philip, since the circumstances of the siege were going against him and the enemy were blockading him with a greater number of decked ships, was at a loss and in a difficult position regarding the future.
οὐκ ἐπιδεχομένων δὲ τῶν παρόντων αἵρεσιν, ἀνήχθη παρὰ τὴν τῶν πολεμίων προσδοκίαν·
But since the present circumstances did not admit of any choice, he put to sea contrary to the expectation of the enemy.
ἔτι γὰρ αὐτὸν ἤλπιζον οἱ περὶ τὸν Ἄτταλον προσκαρτερήσειν τῇ τῶν μετάλλων κατασκευῇ.
For Attalus and his men expected that he would still persist in the construction of the military mines.
μάλιστα δʼ ἐσπούδαζε ποιήσασθαι τὸν ἀνάπλουν αἰφνίδιον, πεπεισμένος καταταχήσειν καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν ἀσφαλῶς ἤδη κομισθήσεσθαι2 παρὰ τὴν γῆν εἰς τὴν Σάμον.
He was especially anxious to make his departure sudden, being convinced that he would outstrip the enemy and thereafter be conveyed safely along the coast to Samos.
διεψεύσθη δὲ παρὰ πολὺ τοῖς λογισμοῖς· οἱ γὰρ περὶ τὸν Ἄτταλον καὶ Θεοφιλίσκον, ἅμα τῷ συνιδεῖν αὐτὸν ἀναγόμενον,3 εἴχοντο τῶν προκειμένων εὐθέως.
But he was greatly deceived in his calculations; for Attalus and Theophiliscus with their men, as soon as they saw him putting to sea, immediately applied themselves to the task of pursuit before them.
συνέβη δὲ τὸν ἀνάπλουν αὐτῶν γενέσθαι διαλελυμένον, ἅτε πεπεισμένων τὸν Φίλιππον, καθάπερ εἶπον, ἔτι μένειν4 ἐπὶ τῶν ὑποκειμένων.
It happened, however, that their putting to sea was disordered, since they had been convinced, as I said, that Philip was still persisting in his original plan.
οὐ μὴν ἀλλὰ χρησάμενοι ταῖς εἰρεσίαις ἐνεργῶς προσέβαλλον, Ἄτταλος μὲν τῷ δεξιῷ καὶ καθηγουμένῳ τῶν πολεμίων, Θεοφιλίσκος δὲ τοῖς εὐωνύμοις.
Nevertheless, rowing vigorously, they pressed the attack, Attalus falling upon the right wing and vanguard of the enemy, and Theophiliscus upon their left.
Φίλιππος δὲ περικαταλαμβανόμενος τοῖς καιροῖς, δοὺς τὸ σύνθημα τοῖς ἐπὶ τοῦ δεξιοῦ καὶ παραγγείλας ἀντιπρώρρους ποιεῖν τὰς ναῦς καὶ συμπλέκεσθαι τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐρρωμένως, αὐτὸς ὑπὸ τὰς νησίδας ἀναχωρήσας μετά τινων λέμβων, τὰς μεταξὺ τοῦ πόρου κειμένας, ἀπεκαραδόκει τὸν κίνδυνον.
Philip, on his part, being overtaken by the crisis, gave the signal to those on his right wing, ordering them to turn their prows to the enemy and engage them vigorously; while he himself, retiring with some light vessels under the small islands lying in the middle of the channel, watched the outcome of the battle.
ἦν δὲ τῶν μὲν τοῦ Φιλίππου νεῶν τὸ πλῆθος τὸ συγκαταστὰν εἰς τὸν ἀγῶνα κατάφρακτοι τρεῖς καὶ πεντήκοντα, σὺν δὲ τούτοις ἄφρακτα λέμβοι δὲ σὺν ταῖς πρίστεσιν ἑκατὸν καὶ πεντήκοντα· τὰς γὰρ ἐν τῇ Σάμῳ ναῦς οὐκ ἠδυνήθη καταρτίσαι πάσας.
The number of Philip’s ships which took part in the battle was fifty-three decked ships, and besides these some open vessels, and a hundred and fifty light vessels and beaked ships; for he had been unable to equip all the ships he had at Samos.
τὰ δὲ τῶν πολεμίων σκάφη κατάφρακτα μὲν ἦν ἑξήκοντα καὶ πέντε σὺν τοῖς τῶν Βυζαντίων, μετὰ δὲ τούτων ἐννέα τριημιολίαι καὶ τριήρεις τρεῖς ὑπῆρχον.
The ships of the enemy, on the other hand, were sixty-five decked vessels, including those of the Byzantines, and besides these there were nine triemioliae and three triremes.
- 16.2.1τῶν μὲν κατὰ τὴν πολιορκίαν ἀντιπιπτόντων αὐτῷ, τῶν δὲ πολεμίων ἐφορμούντων πλείοσι...
Two genitive absolute clauses are coordinated in parallel, explaining the causes (reason/background) for Philip being at a loss (ἠπορεῖτο).
- 16.2.4καταταχήσειν καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν ἀσφαλῶς ἤδη κομισθήσεσθαι
Future infinitives depending on the participle πεπεισμένος. Since the subject is identical with that of the main clause (Philip), the subject accusative of the infinitives is omitted. καταταχήσειν has an active sense ('to outstrip [the enemy]'), while κομισθήσεσθαι is passive ('to be conveyed/travel').
- 16.2.5ἅμα τῷ συνιδεῖν αὐτὸν ἀναγόμενον
The preposition ἅμα combined with the dative articular infinitive τῷ συνιδεῖν ('at the same time as seeing') expresses immediacy ('as soon as'). αὐτὸν is the object of συνιδεῖν (not the subject of the infinitive), and ἀναγόμενον is a participle modifying it ('him putting out to sea').
- 16.2.6ἅτε πεπεισμένων τὸν Φίλιππον ... ἔτι μένειν
The conjunction ἅτε combined with the participle (genitive plural πεπεισμένων) expresses an objective reason ('since they were convinced'). The genitive form constitutes an anacoluthon (or a genitive absolute) despite referring to the subject of the main verb in the preceding sentence. τὸν Φίλιππον is the subject accusative of the infinitive μένειν.