Geography

​Next is a large harbor which they call Deep Harbor; then Aulis, a rocky place and a village of the Tanagraeans. It has a harbor for fifty ships, so that it is natural that the naval station of the Greeks existed in the large harbor. And nearby is also the Euripus of Chalcis, to which from Sunium is six hundred and seventy stadia. Upon it is a bridge of two plethra, as I have said; and a tower stands on either side, the one from Chalcis and the other from Boeotia; and a passage has been constructed into them. Concerning the ebb and flow of the Euripus, it is enough to say only this, that they say it changes seven times each day and night; and the cause of this must be considered elsewhere.

​Nearby is a place situated on a height, Salganeus, named after Salganeus, a Boeotian man who was buried there, who guided the Persians as they sailed into this channel from the Maliac Gulf; they say he was put to death before reaching the Euripus by the commander Megabates, who thought him a traitor who had deceitfully led the fleet into a dead-end strait of the sea; but when the barbarian realized his own mistake, he repented and deemed the innocently killed man worthy of burial.

​And Graea is a place near Oropus, and also the temple of Amphiaraus and the monument of Narcissus the Eretrian, which is called the monument of the Silent One, because they pass it in silence. Some say that Graea is the same as Tanagra; and Poimandris is the same as the Tanagraean territory; and the Tanagraeans are also called Gephyraeans. The Amphiaraeum was transferred here from the Theban Cnopia.

​And Mycalessus is a village of the Tanagraean territory; it lies on the road from Thebes to Chalcis. Likewise also Harma, a deserted village of the Tanagraean territory near Mycalessus, which took its name from the chariot of Amphiaraus, being different from the Harma in Attica, which is near Phyle, a deme of Attica bordering on Tanagra. From this indeed originated the proverb which says: ‘Whenever it lightens through Harma,’ because those who are called Pythaists observe a certain lightning according to an oracle, looking toward Harma, and then send the sacrifice to Delphi when they see it lighten. They observed for three months, for three days and nights in each month, from the hearth of Zeus the Lightener; and this is in the wall between the Pythium and the Olympium. Concerning the Boeotian Harma, some say that when Amphiaraus fell from his chariot in the battle at the place where his temple now is, the empty chariot was carried to the place of the same name; others say that the chariot of Adrastus was shattered here as he was fleeing, and that he was saved by Areion. But Philochorus says that he was saved by the villagers, and for this reason they received equal citizenship from the Argives.

​For one going up from Thebes to Argos, Tanagra lies on the left, and <...> on the right; and Hyria now belongs to the Tanagraean territory, but formerly to the Theban. This is where Hyrieus is mythologized and the birth of Orion, which Pindar mentions in his dithyrambs; and it lies near Aulis. Some say that Hysiae is called Hyria, being in the Parasopia, below Cithaeron, near Erythrae in the interior, a colony of the Hyrians, and a foundation of Nycteus, the father of Antiope. There is also in the Argive territory a village Hysiae <...>, and those from it are called Hysiatae. And the colony of these Erythraeans is Erythrae in Ionia. And Heleon is also a Tanagraean village, named after the marshes.