- Source
- Diodorus Siculus. Diodori Bibliotheca Historica. Vols. 4-5 (partial). Bekker, Immanuel; Dindorf, Ludwig; Fischer, Curt Theodor; editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1903-1906.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
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- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc6:19.75.1-19.75.8
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-08
Asander of Caria initially makes peace with Antigonus but soon violates the treaty to seek outside help, prompting Antigonus to liberate and capture Carian cities. Meanwhile, Cassander besieges Oreus but faces a sudden attack from Antigonus's relief fleet, later engaging in a naval battle after receiving Athenian reinforcements.
κατὰ δὲ τὴν Ἀσίαν Κάσανδρος1 ὁ τῆς Καρίας κυριεύων πιεζούμενος τῷ πολέμῳ διελύσατο πρὸς Ἀντίγονον ἐφʼ ᾧ2 τοὺς μὲν στρατιώτας παραδώσει πάντας Ἀντιγόνῳ, τὰς δʼ Ἑλληνίδας πόλεις αὐτονόμους ἀφήσει, τὴν δὲ σατραπείαν ἣν πρότερον εἶχε δωρεὰν καθέξει, βέβαιος ὢν φίλος Ἀντιγόνῳ.3 δοὺς δὲ περὶ τούτων ὅμηρον Ἀγάθωνα τὸν ἀδελφὸν καὶ μετʼ ὀλίγας ἡμέρας μεταμεληθεὶς ἐπὶ ταῖς συνθήκαις τὸν μὲν ἀδελφὸν ἐξέκλεψεν ἐκ τῆς ὁμηρίας, πρὸς δὲ Πτολεμαῖον καὶ Σέλευκον διαπρεσβευσάμενος ἠξίου βοηθεῖν τὴν ταχίστην.
In Asia, Asander, the ruler of Caria, being hard pressed by the war, came to terms with Antigonus on condition that he would surrender all his soldiers to Antigonus, leave the Greek cities autonomous, and hold as a gift the satrapy which he previously possessed, and remain a steadfast friend to Antigonus. Having given his brother Agathon as a hostage for these terms, but regretting the treaty a few days later, he stole his brother away from hostage status and, sending envoys to Ptolemy and Seleucus, requested them to send aid as quickly as possible.
ἐφʼ οἷς Ἀντίγονος δεινοπαθήσας δύναμιν ἀπέστειλεν ἐπὶ τὴν ἐλευθέρωσιν τῶν πόλεων καὶ κατὰ γῆν καὶ κατὰ θάλασσαν, τοῦ μὲν στόλου ναύαρχον ἀποδείξας Μήδιον, τοῦ δὲ στρατοπέδου καταστήσας στρατηγὸν Δόκιμον.
At this Antigonus, being deeply indignant, dispatched forces by both land and sea for the liberation of the cities, having appointed Medius as admiral of the fleet and having established Docimus as general of the army.
οὗτοι δὲ παραγενόμενοι πρὸς τὴν πόλιν τῶν Μιλησίων τούς τε πολίτας ἐκάλουν ἐπὶ τὴν ἐλευθερίαν καὶ τὴν φρουρουμένην ἄκραν ἐκπολιορκήσαντες εἰς αὐτονομίαν ἀποκατέστησαν τὸ πολίτευμα.
When these arrived at the city of the Milesians, they called upon the citizens to assert their freedom, and having taken by siege the garrisoned citadel, they restored the constitution to autonomy.
περὶ ταῦτα δʼ ὄντων τούτων Ἀντίγονος Τράλλεις ἐξεπολιόρκησεν· εἰς δὲ Καῦνον παρελθὼν καὶ τὸν στόλον μεταπεμψάμενος εἷλε καὶ ταύτην τὴν πόλιν πλὴν τῆς ἄκρας· ταύτην δὲ περιχαρακώσας, καθʼ ὃ μέρος ἦν προσμάχεσθαι, συνεχεῖς προσβολὰς ἐποιεῖτο. ἐπὶ δὲ τὴν Ἰασὸν πόλιν ἐκπεμφθεὶς Πτολεμαῖος μετὰ δυνάμεως ἱκανῆς ἠνάγκασε προσθέσθαι τοῖς περὶ Ἀντίγονον.
While they were occupied with these matters, Antigonus took Tralles by siege; then, proceeding to Caunus and summoning the fleet, he captured this city as well, except for the citadel; having surrounded this with palisades at the point where it was possible to attack, he made continuous assaults. Meanwhile, Ptolemaeus, having been dispatched to the city of Iasus with a sufficient force, compelled them to join the party of Antigonus.
αὗται μὲν οὖν τῆς Καρίας οὖσαι τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον ὑπετάγησαν Ἀντιγόνῳ. μετʼ ὀλίγας δʼ ἡμέρας ἐλθόντων πρὸς αὐτὸν πρεσβευτῶν παρʼ Αἰτωλῶν καὶ Βοιωτῶν πρὸς μὲν τούτους συμμαχίαν συνέθετο, τῷ δὲ Κασάνδρῳ συνελθὼν εἰς λόγους ὑπὲρ εἰρήνης περὶ τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον ἀπῆλθεν ἄπρακτος, οὐ δυναμένων αὐτῶν οὐδαμῶς συμφωνῆσαι. διόπερ ὁ Κάσανδρος ἀπογνοὺς τὰς διαλύσεις διέγνω τῶν κατὰ τὴν Ἑλλάδα πάλιν πραγμάτων ἀντέχεσθαι.
Thus these cities, which were of Caria, were subjected in this manner to Antigonus. A few days later, when envoys from the Aetolians and Boeotians came to him, he concluded an alliance with them, and having entered into discussions for peace with Cassander near the Hellespont, he departed without success, as they were in no way able to reach an agreement. Therefore Cassander, despairing of the reconciliation, decided to apply himself again to the affairs in Greece.
ἀναζεύξας οὖν μετὰ τριάκοντα νεῶν εἰς Ὠρεὸν ἐπολιόρκει τὴν πόλιν. ἐνεργῶς δʼ αὐτοῦ ταῖς προσβολαῖς χρωμένου καὶ τοῦ πολίσματος ἤδη κατὰ κράτος ἁλισκομένου παρεγένετο βοηθήσων τοῖς Ὠρίταις Τελεσφόρος μὲν ἐκ Πελοποννήσου μετὰ νεῶν εἴκοσι καὶ στρατιωτῶν χιλίων, Μήδιος δʼ ἐκ τῆς Ἀσίας ἔχων ναῦς ἑκατόν.
Accordingly, setting out with thirty ships to Oreus, he besieged the city. As he was actively making assaults and the town was already being taken by storm, there arrived to aid the Oreitae Telesphorus from the Peloponnese with twenty ships and a thousand soldiers, and Medius from Asia with a hundred ships.
οὗτοι δʼ ὁρῶντες ἐφορμούσας τῷ λιμένι τὰς τοῦ Κασάνδρου ναῦς πῦρ ἐνῆκαν καὶ τέσσαρας μὲν κατέκαυσαν, παρʼ ὀλίγον δὲ καὶ πάσας διέφθειραν· τοῖς δʼ ἐλαττουμένοις παραγενομένης βοηθείας ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν ἐπέπλευσαν οἱ περὶ Κάσανδρον καταφρονοῦσι τοῖς πολεμίοις.4 συμβαλόντες δʼ αὐτοῖς μίαν μὲν κατέδυσαν, τρεῖς δʼ αὐτάνδρους ἔλαβον. καὶ τὰ μὲν πραχθέντα περὶ τὴν Ἑλλάδα καὶ τὸν Πόντον τοιαῦτʼ ἦν.
These, seeing the ships of Cassander riding at anchor in the harbor, set them on fire and burned four of them, and came near destroying them all; but when assistance from Athens arrived for those who were getting the worst of it, Cassander’s men sailed against the enemy, who were acting carelessly. Engaging them, they sank one ship and took three along with their crews. Such were the events that occurred around Greece and the Pontus.
- 19.75.1Κάσανδρος
The manuscripts read 'Cassander' (Κάσανδρος), but both the context ('ruler of Caria') and historical facts indicate that this is a scribal error for Asander (Ἄσανδρος). It is therefore translated as 'Asander' in accordance with standard scholarly practice.
- 19.75.1ἐφʼ ᾧ
The preposition ἐπί followed by the dative neuter relative pronoun ἐφ' ᾧ with future indicative verbs (παραδώσει, ἀφήσει, καθέξει) introduces the conditions of the treaty ('on condition that').
- 19.75.2βέβαιος ὢν φίλος Ἀντιγόνῳ
A nominative participle clause (with ὢν agreeing with the subject Asander) forming part of the terms of the reconciliation, specifying the obligation to 'remain a steadfast friend to Antigonus.'
- 19.75.8καταφρονοῦσι τοῖς πολεμίοις
καταφρονοῦσι is the present active participle in the dative plural masculine, agreeing with τοῖς πολεμίοις, which serves as the indirect object of the verb ἐπέπλευσαν ('sailed against'). It means 'against the enemy, who were acting carelessly (despising/underestimating the situation).'