- Source
- Diodorus Siculus. Diodori Bibliotheca Historica. Vols. 4-5 (partial). Bekker, Immanuel; Dindorf, Ludwig; Fischer, Curt Theodor; editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1903-1906.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
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- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc6:19.27.1-19.27.6
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-10
After revealing the total strength of Antigonus' forces, the passage details the specific arrangement and troop numbers of Eumenes' army from the left wing to the phalanx.
εἶχε δὲ τοὺς σύμπαντας1 σὺν τοῖς διὰ Πίθωνος καὶ Σελεύκου προσγεγενημένοις πεζοὺς μὲν πλείους τῶν δισμυρίων ὀκτακισχιλίων, ἱππεῖς δʼ ὀκτακισχιλίους πεντακοσίους, ἐλέφαντας δὲ ἑξήκοντα πέντε. Διηλλαγμέναις δʼ ἐχρήσαντο ταῖς τάξεσιν οἱ στρατηγοί, διαμιλλώμενοι καὶ περὶ τῆς ἐν τούτοις ἐμπειρίας πρὸς ἀλλήλους.
He had in all, including those who had joined him through Pithon and Seleucus, more than twenty-eight thousand infantry, eight thousand five hundred cavalry, and sixty-five elephants. The generals used different arrangements for their lines, competing with one another also in respect to their experience in these matters.
Εὐμενὴς μὲν γὰρ ἐπὶ τοῦ λαιοῦ κέρατος ἔταξεν Εὔδημον τὸν καταγαγόντα τοὺς ἐλέφαντας ἐξ Ἰνδῶν, ἔχοντα τὸ περὶ αὐτὸν ἄγημα τῶν ἱππέων, ὄντων ἑκατὸν πεντήκοντα, πρόταγμα δὲ τούτων εἴλας δύο ξυστοφόρων ἐπιλέκτων, βάθος ἐχούσας ἱππέων πεντήκοντα.2
For Eumenes on the left wing stationed Eudemus, who had brought the elephants from India, having around him his own squadron of cavalry, numbering one hundred and fifty; and in front of these as a vanguard two squadrons of select lance-bearers, having a depth of fifty horsemen.
καὶ συνῆψε μὲν τούτους τοῖς ὑπερδεξίοις τῆς ὑπωρίας, ἑξῆς δὲ τούτοις Στάσανδρον τὸν στρατηγὸν ἔταξεν ἔχοντα τοὺς ἰδίους ἱππεῖς ἐννακοσίους πεντήκοντα.
And he joined these to the higher ground of the foothills, and next to them he stationed the general Stasander, who had nine hundred and fifty of his own cavalry.
μετὰ δὲ τούτους ἔστησεν Ἀμφίμαχον τὸν Μεσοποταμίας σατράπην, ᾧ συνηκολούθουν ἱππεῖς ἑξακόσιοι, συνάπτοντας3 δὲ τούτοις τοὺς ἐξ Ἀραχωτῶν ἱππεῖς ἑξακοσίους, ὧν ἡγεῖτο πρότερον μὲν Σιβύρτιος, διὰ δὲ τὴν ἐκείνου φυγὴν μετειλήφει τὴν ἡγεμονίαν Κεφάλων.
After them he placed Amphimachus, the satrap of Mesopotamia, who was followed by six hundred cavalry, and adjacent to them six hundred cavalry from Arachosia, whom Sibyrtius had formerly commanded, but because of his flight, Cephalon had succeeded to the command.
ἑξῆς δʼ ἦσαν πεντακόσιοι μὲν ἐκ Παροπανισαδῶν, οἱ δὲ τούτοις ἴσοι Θρᾷκες ἐκ τῶν ἄνω κατοικιῶν. πρὸ δὲ τούτων ἁπάντων ἔταξεν ἐλέφαντας μὲν ἐν ἐπικαμπίῳ τεσσαράκοντα πέντε, τοξότας δὲ καὶ σφενδονήτας ἐν τοῖς τῶν θηρίων διαστήμασι τοὺς ἱκανούς.
Next were five hundred from the Paropanisadae, and an equal number of Thracians from the upper colonies. In front of all of these he stationed forty-five elephants in a curved line, and in the intervals between the beasts a sufficient number of archers and slingers.
τοῦτον δὲ τὸν τρόπον ὀχυρωσάμενος τὸ λαιὸν κέρας συνῆψεν αὐτῷ τὴν φάλαγγα. ταύτης δὲ τὸ ἄκρον ἐπεῖχον οἱ ξένοι, πλείους ὄντες τῶν ἑξακισχιλίων, τὸ δʼ ἑξῆς οἱ καθωπλισμένοι μὲν εἰς τὰ Μακεδονικά, παντοδαποὶ δʼ ὄντες τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, εἰσπεντακισχιλίους.4
Having secured the left wing in this manner, he joined the phalanx to it. The flank of this was occupied by the mercenaries, who were more than six thousand, and next to them those who were armed in the Macedonian fashion, but were of all kinds of nationalities, about five thousand.
- 19.27.1εἶχε δὲ τοὺς σύμπαντας
The subject of the verb εἶχε ('had') is Antigonus (Ἀντίγονος), who was mentioned in the preceding section. The context immediately prior describes Antigonus marching with his entire army, and this section provides the detailed breakdown of his forces.
- 19.27.2βάθος ἐχούσας ἱππέων πεντήκοντα
The accusative participle ἐχούσας ('having') is feminine plural, agreeing with εἴλας δύο ('two cavalry squadrons'). It means 'having a depth of fifty horsemen', indicating a highly deep tactical formation relative to its front, possibly employed due to the narrow terrain.
- 19.27.4συνάπτοντας
The present active participle masculine plural accusative συνάπτοντας ('joining' or 'bordering') agrees not with the preceding nominative ἱππεῖς ἑξακόσιοι but with the following accusative object ἱππεῖς ἑξακόσιους ('six hundred cavalry' from Arachosia), indicating that Eumenes stationed them so as to connect with the adjacent unit.
- 19.27.6οἱ καθωπλισμένοι μὲν ... εἰσπεντακισχιλίους
There is an anacoluthon (syntactical irregularity) where the phrase begins with nominative subjects (οἱ καθωπλισμένοι... ὄντες) but ends with an accusative numeral (εἰσπεντακισχιλίους, 'about five thousand'). Syntactically, an accusative was expected as the object of the verb, but it was introduced as a nominative for descriptive vividness.