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Bibliotheca Historica

§18.51.1-18.51.7

Arrhidaeus's Siege of Cyzicus and His Repulse

Arrhidaeus, the satrap of Phrygia, launched a sudden siege of Cyzicus, but the Cyzicenes delayed him through negotiations while secretly reinforcing their defenses, eventually repelling him with help from Byzantium.

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§18.51.1

τούτου1 δὲ περὶ ταῦτʼ ὄντος Ἀρριδαῖος ὁ τῆς ἐφʼ Ἑλλησπόντῳ Φρυγίας σατράπης, γνοὺς αὐτοῦ τὴν ἐπιβολήν, ἔκρινεν2 ἀσφαλισάμενος τὰ κατὰ τὴν ἰδίαν σατραπείαν καὶ τὰς ἀξιολογωτάτας πόλεις φρουραῖς περιλαμβάνειν. οὔσης δὲ τῆς τῶν Κυζικηνῶν πόλεως ἐπικαιροτάτης καὶ μεγίστης ἀνέζευξεν ἐπʼ αὐτὴν ἔχων πεζοὺς μὲν μισθοφόρους πλείους τῶν μυρίων, Μακεδόνας δὲ χιλίους, Πέρσας δὲ τοξότας καὶ σφενδονήτας πεντακοσίους, ἱππεῖς δὲ ὀκτακοσίους, βέλη δὲ παντοδαπὰ καὶ καταπέλτας ὀξυβελεῖς τε καὶ πετροβόλους καὶ τὴν ἄλλην χορηγίαν πᾶσαν τὴν ἀνήκουσαν πρὸς πολιορκίαν.

​While Antigonus was occupied with these matters, Arrhidaeus, the satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia, having learned of his plan, decided to secure the affairs of his own satrapy and to occupy the most notable cities with garrisons. Since the city of the Cyzicenes was the most strategically situated and largest, he set out against it with more than ten thousand mercenary infantry, one thousand Macedonians, five hundred Persian archers and slingers, eight hundred cavalry, missiles of all kinds, catapults both for sharp bolts and for throwing stones, and all the other equipment pertaining to a siege.

§18.51.2

ἄφνω δὲ προσπεσὼν τῇ πόλει καὶ τὸν πολὺν ὄχλον ἀπολαβὼν ἐπὶ τῆς χώρας εἴχετο τῆς πολιορκίας καὶ τοὺς ἐν τῇ πόλει καταπληξάμενος ἠνάγκαζε δέχεσθαι φρουράν. οἱ δὲ Κυζικηνοὶ παραδόξου τῆς ἐπιθέσεως γενομένης καὶ τῶν μὲν πλείστων ἐπὶ τῆς χώρας ἀπειλημμένων, ὀλίγων δʼ ὄντων τῶν ὑπολελειμμένων ἀπαράσκευοι παντελῶς ὑπῆρχον πρὸς τὴν πολιορκίαν.

​Falling suddenly upon the city and cutting off the great multitude of people in the countryside, he applied himself to the siege, and by terrifying those in the city, he tried to force them to receive a garrison. But the Cyzicenes, since the attack was unexpected, with the majority of their people cut off in the countryside and only a few left behind, were utterly unprepared for the siege.

§18.51.3

ὅμως δὲ κρίναντες ἀντέχεσθαι τῆς ἐλευθερίας φανερῶς μὲν πρέσβεις ἐξέπεμψαν τοὺς διαλεξομένους τῷ Ἀρριδαίῳ λῦσαι τὴν πολιορκίαν· ποιήσειν γὰρ πάντα τὴν πόλιν3 Ἀρριδαίῳ πλὴν τοῦ δέξασθαι φρουράν· λάθρᾳ δὲ τοὺς νέους ἀθροίζοντες καὶ τῶν οἰκετῶν τοὺς εὐθέτους ἐπιλεγόμενοι καθώπλιζον καὶ τὸ τεῖχος ἀνεπλήρουν τῶν ἀμυνομένων.

​Nevertheless, deciding to hold fast to their freedom, they openly sent envoys to treat with Arrhidaeus to raise the siege; for they said that the city would do everything for Arrhidaeus except receiving a garrison. But secretly they gathered the young men and, selecting the fit among the slaves, they armed them and filled the wall with defenders.

§18.51.4

τοῦ δὲ Ἀρριδαίου βιαζομένου δέχεσθαι φρουρὰν ἔφησαν βούλεσθαι τῷ δήμῳ προσανενεγκεῖν περὶ τούτου. συγχωρήσαντος δὲ τοῦ σατράπου λαβόντες ἀνοχὴν ταύτην τε τὴν ἡμέραν καὶ τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν νύκτα βέλτιον παρεσκευάσαντο τὰ πρὸς τὴν πολιορκίαν.

​When Arrhidaeus insisted that they receive a garrison, they said they wished to refer the matter to the people. When the satrap agreed, they took this truce and during that day and the following night made better preparations for the siege.

§18.51.5

ὁ δʼ Ἀρριδαῖος καταστρατηγηθεὶς4 καὶ τὸν οἰκεῖον ἑαυτῷ προέμενος καιρὸν διεσφάλη τῆς ἐλπίδος· οἱ γὰρ Κυζικηνοὶ πόλιν ἔχοντες ὀχυρὰν καὶ παντελῶς εὐφύλακτον ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς διὰ τὸ χερρόνησον αὐτὴν εἶναι καὶ θαλαττοκρατοῦντες ῥᾳδίως ἠμύνοντο τοὺς πολεμίους.

​Arrhidaeus, having been outgeneraled and having thrown away his own opportune moment, was disappointed in his hope; for the Cyzicenes, possessing a city that was strong and completely easy to defend from the land side because it was a peninsula, and holding the mastery of the sea, easily repulsed the enemy.

§18.51.6

μετεπέμποντο δὲ καὶ παρὰ Βυζαντίων στρατιώτας καὶ βέλη καὶ τἄλλα τὰ χρήσιμα πρὸς τὴν πολιορκίαν· ὧν5 ἅπαντα συντόμως καὶ προθύμως χορηγησάντων ἀνέλαβον ἑαυτοὺς ταῖς ἐλπίσι καὶ πρὸς τοὺς κινδύνους εὐθαρσεῖς κατέστησαν.

​They also sent for soldiers, missiles, and other useful things for the siege from the Byzantines; since they supplied all these quickly and eagerly, the Cyzicenes recovered their spirits and became courageous in the face of dangers.

§18.51.7

εὐθὺ δὲ καὶ μακρὰς ναῦς καθελκύσαντες παρέπλεον τὴν παραθαλάττιον καὶ τοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς χώρας ἀναλαμβάνοντες ἀπεκόμιζον εἰς τὴν πόλιν. ταχὺ δὲ στρατιωτῶν εὐπορήσαντες καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν πολιορκούντων ἀποκτείναντες ἀπετρίψαντο τὴν πολιορκίαν. Ἀρριδαῖος μὲν οὖν καταστρατηγηθεὶς ὑπὸ τῶν Κυζικηνῶν ἄπρακτος ἐπανῆλθεν εἰς τὴν ἰδίαν σατραπείαν.

​Straightway they also launched long ships, sailed along the coast, and picking up those from the countryside, brought them into the city. Quickly finding themselves well supplied with soldiers and killing many of the besiegers, they repelled the siege. Arrhidaeus, therefore, having been outgeneraled by the Cyzicenes, returned without success to his own satrapy.

Syntax notes5 items
  1. 18.51.1τούτου

    The demonstrative pronoun τούτου in the genitive absolute construction (τούτου δὲ περὶ ταῦτʼ ὄντος) refers back in context to Antigonus, whose grand designs in Asia were described in the preceding chapter (18.50).

  2. 18.51.1ἔκρινεν

    The main verb ἔκρινεν ("decided") takes the infinitive as its object.

  3. 18.51.3ποιήσειν γὰρ πάντα τὴν πόλιν

    This is an infinitive clause in indirect discourse representing the envoys' statement. The accusative τὴν πόλιν is the subject of the future infinitive ποιήσειν, and Ἀρριδαίῳ is a dative of advantage ("for Arrhidaeus").

  4. 18.51.5καταστρατηγηθεὶς

    This passive participle means "having been outgeneraled" or "deceived by strategy." It refers to Arrhidaeus falling for the Cyzicenes' ruse of pretending to negotiate while secretly preparing their defenses (51.3-4).

  5. 18.51.6ὧν

    This is a relative pronoun used in a relative connection (linking back to Βυζαντίων in the preceding sentence) and serves as the subject of the genitive absolute construction ὧν ... χορηγησάντων.

Translated by Gemini 3.5 Flash (published 2026-05-25) · Revision history (1, latest 2026-10-12)
  • 2026-10-12 AI review — note 1
urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc6:18.51.1-18.51.7