- Source
- Herodotus. Godley, Alfred Denis, editor. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1920-1925 (printing).
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:9.19.1-9.19.3
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-09
Prompted by the Spartan departure, the other Peloponnesians and Athenians joined forces, marching forward to draw up their lines against the Persian army at the foothills of Cithaeron.
Λακεδαιμόνιοι δὲ ὡς ἐς τὸν Ἰσθμὸν ἦλθον, ἐν τούτῳ ἐστρατοπεδεύοντο. πυνθανόμενοι δὲ ταῦτα οἱ λοιποὶ Πελοποννήσιοι τοῖσι τὰ ἀμείνω ἑάνδανε, οἳ δὲ καὶ ὁρῶντες1 ἐξιόντας Σπαρτιήτας, οὐκ ἐδικαίευν λείπεσθαι τῆς ἐξόδου Λακεδαιμονίων.
But the Lacedaemonians, when they had come to the Isthmus, encamped there. And when the rest of the Peloponnesians who favored the better cause heard of this, and some also saw the Spartans marching out, they did not think it right to be left behind from the expedition of the Lacedaemonians.
ἐκ δὴ ὦν τοῦ Ἰσθμοῦ καλλιερησάντων τῶν ἱρῶν2 ἐπορεύοντο πάντες καὶ ἀπικνέονται ἐς Ἐλευσῖνα· ποιήσαντες δὲ καὶ ἐνθαῦτα ἱρά, ὥς σφι ἐκαλλιέρεε, τὸ πρόσω ἐπορεύοντο, Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ ἅμα αὐτοῖσι, διαβάντες μὲν ἐκ Σαλαμῖνος, συμμιγέντες δὲ ἐν Ἐλευσῖνι.
So then, when the sacrifices yielded favorable omens, they all marched forth from the Isthmus and arrived at Eleusis; and having offered sacrifices there also, since they were favorable to them, they marched further onward, and the Athenians with them, having crossed over from Salamis and joined them at Eleusis.
ὡς δὲ ἄρα ἀπίκοντο τῆς Βοιωτίης ἐς Ἐρυθράς,3 ἔμαθόν τε δὴ τοὺς βαρβάρους ἐπὶ τῷ Ἀσωπῷ στρατοπεδευομένους, φρασθέντες δὲ τοῦτο ἀντετάσσοντο ἐπὶ τῆς ὑπωρέης τοῦ Κιθαιρῶνος.
And when they had arrived at Erythrae in Boeotia, they learned that the barbarians were encamped on the Asopus; and having perceived this, they drew themselves up in opposition on the foothills of Cithaeron.
- 9.19.1οἳ δὲ καὶ ὁρῶντες
This is an anacoluthon where "οἳ δὲ" ("some of them") is used to single out a part of the preceding "οἱ λοιποὶ Πελοποννήσιοι" without a corresponding "οἱ μὲν". The two participle clauses, "πυνθανόμενοι" ("hearing") and "ὁρῶντες" ("seeing"), represent two different motives that prompted the Peloponnesians to act.
- 9.19.2καλλιερησάντων τῶν ἱρῶν
Genitive absolute. The active verb "καλλιερέω" is used to mean "the sacrifices (ἱρά) yield favorable omens," with "τῶν ἱρῶν" functioning as the grammatical subject.
- 9.19.3τῆς Βοιωτίης ἐς Ἐρυθράς
The genitive "τῆς Βοιωτίης" is a partitive genitive (geographical genitive) indicating the wider region to which the specific town "ἐς Ἐρυθράς" belongs, meaning "into Erythrae of Boeotia."