- Source
- Herodotus. Godley, Alfred Denis, editor. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1920-1925 (printing).
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.130.1-8.130.4
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-09
The Persian fleet, having fled from Salamis, winters at Cyme and gathers at Samos in the spring to focus on defending Ionia. Judging from the Greeks' lack of pursuit, they underestimate the enemy's offensive spirit and look forward to Mardonius' success on land.
ὁ δὲ ναυτικὸς ὁ Ξέρξεω περιγενόμενος ὡς προσέμιξε τῇ Ἀσίῃ φεύγων ἐκ Σαλαμῖνος καὶ βασιλέα τε καὶ τὴν στρατιὴν ἐκ Χερσονήσου διεπόρθμευσε ἐς Ἄβυδον, ἐχειμέριζε ἐν Κύμῃ. ἔαρος δὲ ἐπιλάμψαντος πρώιος συνελέγετο ἐς Σάμον· αἳ δὲ τῶν νεῶν καὶ ἐχειμέρισαν αὐτοῦ· Περσέων δὲ καὶ Μήδων οἱ πλεῦνες ἐπεβάτευον.
The fleet of Xerxes which had survived, when it reached Asia in its flight from Salamis and had ferried the King and the army from the Chersonese to Abydos, spent the winter at Cyme. But as soon as spring began to shine, it gathered early at Samos; some of the ships had even wintered there. And the majority of those serving as marines on board were Persians and Medes.
στρατηγοὶ δέ σφι ἐπῆλθον Μαρδόντης τε ὁ Βαγαίου καὶ Ἀρταΰντης ὁ Ἀρταχαίεω· συνῆρχε δὲ τούτοισι καὶ ἀδελφιδέος αὐτοῦ Ἀρταΰντεω προσελομένου Ἰθαμίτρης.1 ἅτε δὲ μεγάλως πληγέντες, οὐ προήισαν ἀνωτέρω τὸ πρὸς ἑσπέρης, οὐδʼ ἐπηνάγκαζε οὐδείς, ἀλλʼ ἐν τῇ Σάμῳ κατήμενοι ἐφύλασσον τὴν Ἰωνίην μὴ ἀποστῇ, νέας ἔχοντες σὺν τῇσι Ἰάσι τριηκοσίας.
There came to them as generals Mardontes the son of Bagaeus and Artayntes the son of Artachaees; and Ithamitres, whom his uncle Artayntes had chosen as his colleague, also shared the command with them. Because they had been heavily defeated, they did not advance any further toward the west, nor did anyone compel them to do so, but remaining inactive in Samos they guarded Ionia lest it should revolt, having three hundred ships including the Ionian ones.
οὐ μὲν οὐδὲ προσεδέκοντο τοὺς Ἕλληνας ἐλεύσεσθαι ἐς τὴν Ἰωνίην ἀλλʼ ἀποχρήσειν σφι τὴν ἑωυτῶν φυλάσσειν,2 σταθμεύμενοι ὅτι σφέας οὐκ ἐπεδίωξαν φεύγοντας ἐκ Σαλαμῖνος ἀλλʼ ἄσμενοι ἀπαλλάσσοντο. κατὰ μέν νυν τὴν θάλασσαν ἑσσωμένοι ἦσαν τῷ θυμῷ, πεζῇ δὲ ἐδόκεον πολλῷ κρατήσειν τὸν Μαρδόνιον.
Moreover, they did not at all expect that the Greeks would come to Ionia, but rather that it would be enough for them to guard their own territory, judging this from the fact that the Greeks had not pursued them as they fled from Salamis, but had been glad to depart. So, as far as the sea was concerned, they were defeated in spirit, but on land they expected that Mardonius would be far superior.
ἐόντες δὲ ἐν Σάμῳ ἅμα μὲν ἐβουλεύοντο εἴ τι δυναίατο3 κακὸν τοὺς πολεμίους ποιέειν, ἅμα δὲ καὶ ὠτακούστεον ὅκῃ πεσέεται τὰ Μαρδονίου πρήγματα.
While they were in Samos, they were at once deliberating whether they could do any harm to their enemies, and at the same time they were listening out to see how Mardonius’ affairs would turn out.
- 8.130.2ἀδελφιδέος αὐτοῦ Ἀρταΰντεω προσελομένου Ἰθαμίτρης
In the genitive absolute clause ἀδελφιδέος αὐτοῦ Ἀρταΰντεω προσελομένου, the logical subject of the middle participle προσελομένου is the genitive Ἀρταΰντεω (Artayntes), and its logical object is Ἰθαμίτρης which appears in the nominative. This is understood as an anacoluthon or a case-shift, meaning "since Artayntes had chosen Ithamitres, his own nephew, [as his colleague]."
- 8.130.3ἀποχρήσειν σφι τὴν ἑωυτῶν φυλάσσειν
The future infinitive ἀποχρήσειν of the impersonal verb ἀποχρήσει (it will suffice) depends on the main verb προσεδέκοντο. The infinitive φυλάσσειν (to guard) acts as the subject of the impersonal verb, taking τὴν ἑωυτῶν (their own land) as its object. The dative σφι (for them) refers to the Greeks.
- 8.130.4εἴ τι δυναίατο
δυναίατο is the Ionic third-person plural optative form, equivalent to the Attic δύναιντο. It is used in an indirect question introduced by εἰ (whether) depending on the past main verb ἐβουλεύοντο (imperfect), illustrating the optative of indirect discourse (oblique optative).