- Source
- Herodotus. Godley, Alfred Denis, editor. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1920-1925 (printing).
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:7.74.1-7.74.2
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-07
The equipment and name origins of the Lydians and Mysians are described, along with their commander, Artaphrenes.
Λυδοὶ δὲ ἀγχοτάτω τῶν Ἑλληνικῶν1 εἶχον ὅπλα. οἱ δὲ Λυδοὶ Μηίονες ἐκαλεῦντο τὸ πάλαι, ἐπὶ δὲ Λυδοῦ τοῦ Ἄτους2 ἔσχον τὴν ἐπωνυμίην, μεταβαλόντες τὸ οὔνομα. Μυσοὶ δὲ ἐπὶ μὲν τῇσι κεφαλῇσι εἶχον κράνεα ἐπιχώρια, ἀσπίδας δὲ μικράς, ἀκοντίοισι δὲ ἐχρέωντο ἐπικαύτοισι.3
The Lydians had arms very close to the Greek arms. The Lydians were called Meiones of old, but they obtained their surname after Lydus the son of Atys, changing their name. The Mysians had on their heads local helmets, and small shields, and they used javelins hardened in the fire.
οὗτοι δὲ εἰσὶ Λυδῶν ἄποικοι, ἀπʼ Ὀλύμπου δὲ ὄρεος καλέονται Ὀλυμπιηνοί. Λυδῶν δὲ καὶ Μυσῶν ἦρχε Ἀρταφρένης ὁ Ἀρταφρένεος ὃς ἐς Μαραθῶνα ἐσέβαλε ἅμα Δάτι.
These are colonists of the Lydians, and after Mount Olympus they are called Olympieni. In command of the Lydians and Mysians was Artaphrenes the son of Artaphrenes, who had invaded Marathon together with Datis.
- 7.74.1τῶν Ἑλληνικῶν
Meaning "of the Greek (arms)." The noun for comparison, ὅπλων, is omitted after the preceding ὅπλα, leaving the genitive in a substantivized form. It is interpreted as "arms very close to those of the Greeks."
- 7.74.1ἐπὶ δὲ Λυδοῦ τοῦ Ἄτους
The preposition ἐπί with the genitive case, here expressing the origin or basis of a name, meaning "after Lydus the son of Atys" or "named after."
- 7.74.1ἐπικαύτοισι
Meaning "burnt at the end" or "hardened in the fire." It refers to wooden javelins whose tips were hardened by fire instead of using metal points.