- Source
- Herodotus. Godley, Alfred Denis, editor. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1920-1925 (printing).
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:7.1.1-7.1.3
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-08
Upon receiving news of the defeat at Marathon, King Darius resolves to invade Greece and orders a massive military build-up, but during the preparations, Egypt revolts.
ἐπεὶ δὲ ἀγγελίη ἀπίκετο περὶ τῆς μάχης τῆς ἐν Μαραθῶνι γενομένης παρὰ βασιλέα Δαρεῖον τὸν Ὑστάσπεος, καὶ πρὶν μεγάλως κεχαραγμένον1 τοῖσι Ἀθηναίοισι διὰ τὴν ἐς Σάρδις ἐσβολήν, καὶ δὴ καὶ τότε πολλῷ τε δεινότερα ἐποίεε2 καὶ μᾶλλον ὅρμητο στρατεύεσθαι ἐπὶ τὴν Ἑλλάδα.
When the news of the battle fought at Marathon reached King Darius, son of Hystaspes, though he had already been greatly incensed against the Athenians because of their invasion of Sardis, he then became even more deeply angered and was more than ever eager to march against Greece.
καὶ αὐτίκα μὲν ἐπηγγέλλετο πέμπων ἀγγέλους κατὰ πόλις3 ἑτοιμάζειν στρατιήν, πολλῷ πλέω ἐπιτάσσων ἑκάστοισι ἢ πρότερον παρέχειν, καὶ νέας τε καὶ ἵππους καὶ σῖτον καὶ πλοῖα. τούτων δὲ περιαγγελλομένων ἡ Ἀσίη ἐδονέετο ἐπὶ τρία ἔτεα, καταλεγομένων τε τῶν ἀρίστων ὡς ἐπὶ τὴν Ἑλλάδα στρατευομένων4 καὶ παρασκευαζομένων.
And immediately he sent messengers to the various cities, ordering them to prepare an army, imposing on each a much larger tribute of ships, horses, food, and transports than before. While these orders were being circulated, Asia was kept in turmoil for three years, as the best men were being enrolled and prepared for the expedition against Greece.
τετάρτῳ δὲ ἔτεϊ Αἰγύπτιοι ὑπὸ Καμβύσεω δουλωθέντες ἀπέστησαν ἀπὸ Περσέων. ἐνθαῦτα δὴ καὶ μᾶλλον ὅρμητο καὶ ἐπʼ ἀμφοτέρους στρατεύεσθαι.
But in the fourth year, the Egyptians, who had been enslaved by Cambyses, revolted from the Persians. Thereupon he was even more eager to march against both.
- 7.1.1κεχαραγμένον
The perfect passive participle (masculine accusative singular) of χαράσσω (to anger, exasperate). It agrees with the preceding accusative noun βασιλέα Δαρεῖον, modifying King Darius's prior state of mind.
- 7.1.1δεινότερα ἐποίεε
δεινὸν ποιέω is an idiomatic expression meaning "to be angry, to take something ill". While the middle voice δεινὸν ποιεῖσθαι is standard in Attic Greek, Herodotus (in Ionic Greek) uses the active imperfect ἐποίεε (= ἐποίει) with the same meaning.
- 7.1.2κατὰ πόλις
πόλις is the Ionic accusative plural form, corresponding to the Attic πόλεις. Used with the preposition κατά, it means "throughout the cities" or "city by city".
- 7.1.2ὡς ἐπὶ τὴν Ἑλλάδα στρατευομένων
The combination of the conjunction ὡς with the participles στρατευομένων (and παρασκευαζομένων) expresses a subjective intention, purpose, or pretext ("as if for the purpose of marching against Greece").