- Source
- Herodotus. Godley, Alfred Denis, editor. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1920-1925 (printing).
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:6.45.1-6.45.2
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-09
The Persian land army under Mardonius is attacked at night by the Thracian Brygi in Macedonia and suffers heavy losses, but eventually subjugates them. However, due to severe setbacks in both the land and naval forces, the entire expedition is forced to retreat to Asia.
ὁ μὲν δὴ ναυτικὸς στρατὸς οὕτω ἔπρησσε, Μαρδονίῳ δὲ καὶ τῷ πεζῷ στρατοπεδευομένῳ1 ἐν Μακεδονίῃ νυκτὸς Βρύγοι Θρήικες ἐπεχείρησαν· καί σφεων πολλοὺς φονεύουσι οἱ Βρύγοι, Μαρδόνιον δὲ αὐτὸν τρωματίζουσι. οὐ μέντοι οὐδὲ αὐτοὶ δουλοσύνην διέφυγον πρὸς Περσέων·2 οὐ γὰρ δὴ πρότερον ἀπανέστη ἐκ τῶν χωρέων τουτέων Μαρδόνιος πρὶν ἤ3 σφεας ὑποχειρίους ἐποιήσατο.
On the one hand, then, the naval force fared thus. On the other hand, while Mardonius and the land army were encamped in Macedonia, the Brygi, a Thracian tribe, attacked them by night; and the Brygi killed many of them and wounded Mardonius himself. However, they themselves did not escape enslavement by the Persians either; for Mardonius did not withdraw from these regions before he had made them subject to him.
τούτους μέντοι καταστρεψάμενος ἀπῆγε τὴν στρατιὴν ὀπίσω, ἅτε τῷ πεζῷ τε προσπταίσας4 πρὸς τοὺς Βρύγους καὶ τῷ ναυτικῷ μεγάλως περὶ Ἄθων. οὗτος μέν νυν ὁ στόλος αἰσχρῶς ἀγωνισάμενος ἀπαλλάχθη ἐς τὴν Ἀσίην.
Having subjugated them, however, he led his army back, since he had suffered a blow with his land army against the Brygi and a great disaster with his naval force around Athos. This expedition, therefore, having fared ignominiously, withdrew to Asia.
- 6.45.1Μαρδονίῳ δὲ καὶ τῷ πεζῷ στρατοπεδευομένῳ
Dative case, functioning as the indirect object of the intransitive verb ἐπεχείρησαν (attacked).
- 6.45.1πρὸς Περσέων
The preposition πρὸς with the genitive case indicates the agent ("by the Persians") associated with the passive noun δουλοσύνην (enslavement).
- 6.45.1οὐ ... πρότερον ... πρὶν ἤ
The negative οὐ and the adverb πρότερον correlate with the conjunction πρὶν ἤ (with the indicative), meaning "not before... until" or "only when... did he."
- 6.45.2ἅτε ... προσπταίσας
The conjunction ἅτε with the participle (aorist active) expresses an objective or factual reason ("since he had suffered a blow").