- Source
- Herodotus. Godley, Alfred Denis, editor. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1920-1925 (printing).
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.121.1
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-10
Relates how the Carians ambushed and annihilated the Persian forces by night on the road to Pedasa, killing their generals, under the leadership of Heraclides of Mylasa.
μετὰ δὲ τοῦτο τὸ τρῶμα ἀνέλαβόν τε καὶ ἀνεμαχέσαντο1 οἱ Κᾶρες· πυθόμενοι γὰρ ὡς στρατεύεσθαι ὁρμέαται2 οἱ Πέρσαι ἐπὶ τὰς πόλις σφέων, ἐλόχησαν τὴν ἐν Πηδάσῳ ὁδόν, ἐς τὴν ἐμπεσόντες3 οἱ Πέρσαι νυκτὸς διεφθάρησαν καὶ αὐτοὶ καὶ οἱ στρατηγοὶ αὐτῶν Δαυρίσης καὶ Ἀμόργης καὶ Σισιμάκης· σὺν δέ σφι ἀπέθανε καὶ Μύρσος ὁ Γύγεω. τοῦ δὲ λόχου τούτου ἡγεμὼν ἦν Ἡρακλείδης Ἰβανώλλιος ἀνὴρ Μυλασσεύς.
After this defeat, the Carians recovered themselves and fought back. For when they learned that the Persians were preparing to march against their cities, they laid an ambush on the road to Pedasa; and the Persians, falling into it by night, were utterly destroyed, both the men themselves and their generals Daurises, Amorges, and Sisimaces. Along with them died also Myrsus, son of Gyges. The leader of this ambush was Heraclides, son of Ibanollis, a man of Mylasa.
- 5.121.1ἀνέλαβόν τε καὶ ἀνεμαχέσαντο
A combination of two verbs. ἀνέλαβον is used intransitively without a reflexive pronoun to mean 'recovered themselves,' while ἀνεμαχέσαντο means 'fought back to retrieve a defeat.' Their juxtaposition emphasizes the swiftness of their recovery and counterattack.
- 5.121.1ὁρμέαται
An Ionic form of ὥρμηνται, the third-person plural perfect middle/passive of ὁρμάω ('to set in motion, start'). The perfect tense here denotes a present state of preparation or eagerness ('are prepared to march'), taking the infinitive στρατεύεσθαι.
- 5.121.1ἐς τὴν ἐμπεσόντες
The preposition ἐς combined with the relative pronoun τὴν (referring back to τὴν ... ὁδόν, 'the road'). Governed by the participle ἐμπεσόντες ('having fallen into'), it carries the double meaning of physically entering the road and falling into the ambush laid upon it.