- Source
- Herodotus. Godley, Alfred Denis, editor. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1920-1925 (printing).
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:4.165.1-4.165.3
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-11
While Arcesilaus was in Barca, his mother Pheretime ruled Cyrene in his stead; upon learning of his death, she fled to Egypt and sought Aryandes' aid for vengeance.
ἡ δὲ μήτηρ Φερετίμη, ἕως μὲν ὁ Ἀρκεσίλεως ἐν τῇ Βάρκῃ διαιτᾶτο ἐξεργασμένος ἑωυτῷ κακόν, ἣ δὲ1 εἶχε αὐτὴ τοῦ παιδὸς τὰ γέρεα ἐν Κυρήνῃ καὶ τἆλλα νεμομένη καὶ ἐν βουλῇ παρίζουσα.
On the other hand, his mother Pheretime, while Arcesilaus was living in Barca, having brought disaster upon himself, herself held the privileges of her son in Cyrene, both administering the other affairs and sitting in the council.
ἐπείτε δὲ ἔμαθε ἐν τῇ Βάρκῃ ἀποθανόντα2 οἱ3 τὸν παῖδα, φεύγουσα οἰχώκεε ἐς Αἴγυπτον. ἦσαν γάρ οἱ ἐκ τοῦ Ἀρκεσίλεω εὐεργεσίαι ἐς Καμβύσεα τὸν Κύρου πεποιημέναι· οὗτος γὰρ ἦν ὁ Ἀρκεσίλεως ὃς Κυρήνην Καμβύσῃ ἔδωκε καὶ φόρον ἐτάξατο.
But when she learned that her son had died in Barca, she fled and went to Egypt. For she had the benefit of services rendered by Arcesilaus to Cambyses, the son of Cyrus; for this was the Arcesilaus who had given Cyrene to Cambyses and agreed to pay tribute.
ἀπικομένη δὲ ἐς τὴν Αἴγυπτον ἡ Φερετίμη Ἀρυάνδεω ἱκέτις ἵζετο, τιμωρῆσαι ἑωυτῇ κελεύουσα, προϊσχομένη πρόφασιν ὡς διὰ τὸν μηδισμὸν ὁ παῖς οἱ τέθνηκε.4
Having arrived in Egypt, Pheretime sat as a suppliant to Aryandes, urging him to avenge her, putting forward the pretext that her son had been killed because of his Medism.
- 4.165.1ἣ δὲ
This is the demonstrative pronoun use of the relative stem with δὲ ('and she'), referring back to the main subject, Pheretime, after the temporal clause starting with ἕως.
- 4.165.2ἀποθανόντα
Supplementary participle serving as the object of the verb of cognition ἔμαθε ('learned'), equivalent to an indirect statement ('that her son had died').
- 4.165.2οἱ
Dative of advantage (or possession) belonging to the subject Pheretime, indicating that the favors done by Arcesilaus to Cambyses existed for her benefit (i.e., she could claim the credit for them).
- 4.165.3ὡς διὰ τὸν μηδισμὸν ὁ παῖς οἱ τέθνηκε
The ὡς clause explains the content of the pretext (πρόφασιν), expressing a subjective reason or claim made by the speaker ('on the ground that...', 'alleging that...').