- Source
- Herodotus. Godley, Alfred Denis, editor. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1920-1925 (printing).
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:3.91.1-3.91.4
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-09
This section describes the boundaries and tribute amounts of the fifth (Syria-Palestine), sixth (Egypt), seventh (Sattagydians, etc.), and eighth (Susa) provinces of the Persian Empire.
ἀπὸ δὲ Ποσιδηίου πόλιος, τὴν Ἀμφίλοχος ὁ Ἀμφιάρεω οἴκισε ἐπʼ οὔροισι τοῖσι Κιλίκων τε καὶ Σύρων, ἀρξάμενος1 ἀπὸ ταύτης μέχρι Αἰγύπτου, πλὴν μοίρης τῆς Ἀραβίων (ταῦτα γὰρ ἦν ἀτελέα),2 πεντήκοντα καὶ τριηκόσια τάλαντα φόρος ἦν. ἔστι δὲ ἐν τῷ νομῷ τούτῳ Φοινίκη τε πᾶσα καὶ Συρίη ἡ Παλαιστίνη καλεομένη καὶ Κύπρος· νομὸς πέμπτος οὗτος.
From the city of Posideium, which Amphilochus, son of Amphiaraus, founded on the borders of the Cilicians and the Syrians, starting from this city as far as Egypt, except for the territory of the Arabians (for these were exempt from tax), the tribute was three hundred and fifty talents. In this province are all Phoenicia, the Syria called Palestine, and Cyprus; this was the fifth province.
ἀπʼ Αἰγύπτου δὲ καὶ Λιβύων τῶν προσεχέων Αἰγύπτῳ καὶ Κυρήνης τε καὶ Βάρκης (ἐς γὰρ τὸν Αἰγύπτιον νομὸν αὗται ἐκεκοσμέατο)3 ἑπτακόσια προσήιε τάλαντα, πάρεξ τοῦ ἐκ τῆς Μοίριος λίμνης γινομένου ἀργυρίου, τὸ ἐγίνετο ἐκ τῶν ἰχθύων·
From Egypt and the Libyans adjacent to Egypt, and Cyrene and Barce (for these latter were annexed to the Egyptian province), there came in seven hundred talents, besides the money coming from Lake Moeris, which was derived from the fish;
τούτου τε δὴ χωρὶς τοῦ ἀργυρίου καὶ τοῦ σίτου4 προσήιε ἑπτακόσια τάλαντα· σίτου γὰρ δύο καὶ δέκα μυριάδας Περσέων τε τοῖσι ἐν τῷ Λευκῷ τείχεϊ τῷ ἐν Μέμφι κατοικημένοισι καταμετρέουσι καὶ τοῖσι τούτων ἐπικούροισι. νομὸς ἕκτος οὗτος.
apart from this money and the corn, there came in seven hundred talents; for they measure out one hundred and twenty thousand medimnoi of corn for the Persians quartered in the White Wall at Memphis and for their mercenaries. This was the sixth province.
Σατταγύδαι δὲ καὶ Γανδάριοι καὶ Δαδίκαι τε καὶ Ἀπαρύται ἐς τὠυτὸ τεταγμένοι ἑβδομήκοντα καὶ ἑκατὸν τάλαντα προσέφερον· νομὸς δὲ οὗτος ἕβδομος. ἀπὸ Σούσων δὲ καὶ τῆς ἄλλης Κισσίων χώρης τριηκόσια· νομὸς ὄγδοος οὗτος.
The Sattagydians, Gandarians, Dadicae, and Aparytae, being assessed together, paid one hundred and seventy talents; this was the seventh province. And from Susa and the rest of the Cissian country, three hundred talents; this was the eighth province.
- 3.91.1ἀρξάμενος
Nominative masculine singular participle. Although there is no explicit grammatical subject (referring to Darius or an indefinite administrative organizer), it is used idiomatically as an adverbial phrase meaning 'starting from...'.
- 3.91.1ταῦτα γὰρ ἦν ἀτελέα
The feminine singular μοίρης (part) is referred to by the neuter plural pronoun ταῦτα. This constructio ad sensum (synesis) refers vaguely to the Arabian territories or their conditions as a whole.
- 3.91.2ἐκεκοσμέατο
Third-person plural pluperfect passive in the Ionic dialect (equivalent to Attic ἐκεκόσμηντο). The subject is the feminine plural demonstrative pronoun αὗται (referring to Cyrene and Barce), which agrees in number with the verb.
- 3.91.3τούτου τε δὴ χωρὶς τοῦ ἀργυρίου καὶ τοῦ σίτου
The prepositional adverb χωρίς governs both genitives: τούτου τοῦ ἀργυρίου (this money) and τοῦ σίτου (the corn). It means 'apart from this money and the corn, [another] seven hundred talents came in.'