- Source
- Homer. Homeri Opera, Volumes 1-2. Monro, D. B. (David Binning), editor; Allen, Thomas W. (Thomas William), editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.72-5.139
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-10-28
As Achaean leaders slay their Trojan foes, Diomedes sweeps across the field like a winter torrent. After being wounded by Pandarus's arrow, Diomedes prays to Athena, who restores his strength and returns him to the fray.
τὸν μὲν Φυλεΐδης δουρὶ κλυτὸς ἐγγύθεν ἐλθὼν
Then the son of Phyleus, renowned for the spear, coming close,
βεβλήκει κεφαλῆς κατὰ ἰνίον ὀξέϊ δουρί·
struck him on the back of the head with his sharp spear;
ἀντικρὺ δʼ ἀνʼ ὀδόντας ὑπὸ γλῶσσαν τάμε χαλκός·
and straight through, along the teeth and under the tongue, the bronze cut.
ἤριπε δʼ ἐν κονίῃ, ψυχρὸν δʼ ἕλε χαλκὸν ὀδοῦσιν.
And he fell in the dust, and bit the cold bronze with his teeth.
Εὐρύπυλος δʼ Εὐαιμονίδης Ὑψήνορα δῖον
And Eurypylus, son of Evaemon, slew noble Hypsenor,
υἱὸν ὑπερθύμου Δολοπίονος, ὅς ῥα Σκαμάνδρου
son of high-hearted Dolopion, who of Scamander
ἀρητὴρ ἐτέτυκτο, θεὸς δʼ ὣς τίετο δήμῳ,
had been made priest, and was honored like a god by the people;
τὸν μὲν ἄρʼ Εὐρύπυλος, Εὐαίμονος ἀγλαὸς υἱός,
him indeed did Eurypylus, the glorious son of Evaemon,
πρόσθεν ἕθεν φεύγοντα μεταδρομάδην ἔλασʼ ὦμον
as he fled before him, strike on the shoulder in full pursuit,
φασγάνῳ ἀΐξας, ἀπὸ δʼ ἔξεσε χεῖρα βαρεῖαν·
springing upon him with his sword, and sheared off his heavy arm.
αἱματόεσσα δὲ χεὶρ πεδίῳ πέσε· τὸν δὲ κατʼ ὄσσε
And the bloody arm fell on the plain; and down over his eyes
ἔλλαβε πορφύρεος θάνατος καὶ μοῖρα κραταιή.
came purple death and mighty fate.
ὣς οἳ μὲν πονέοντο κατὰ κρατερὴν ὑσμίνην·
Thus they labored in the mighty conflict;
Τυδεΐδην δʼ οὐκ ἂν γνοίης1 ποτέροισι μετείη
but as for Tydeus’ son, you would not have known to which side he belonged,
ἠὲ μετὰ Τρώεσσιν ὁμιλέοι ἦ μετʼ Ἀχαιοῖς.
whether he associated with the Trojans or with the Achaeans.
θῦνε γὰρ ἂμ πεδίον ποταμῷ πλήθοντι ἐοικὼς
For he raged across the plain like a river swollen
χειμάρρῳ, ὅς τʼ ὦκα ῥέων ἐκέδασσε γεφύρας·
winter-flowing, which swiftly flowing sweeps away the dikes;
τὸν δʼ οὔτʼ ἄρ τε γέφυραι ἐεργμέναι ἰσχανόωσιν,
and the dikes built to restrain it hold it not back,
οὔτʼ ἄρα ἕρκεα ἴσχει ἀλωάων ἐριθηλέων
nor do the fences of the fertile orchards stay its coming,
ἐλθόντʼ ἐξαπίνης ὅτʼ ἐπιβρίσῃ Διὸς ὄμβρος·
when it comes suddenly when the rain of Zeus beats heavily down;
πολλὰ δʼ ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ ἔργα κατήριπε κάλʼ αἰζηῶν·
and many beautiful works of young men fall before it;
ὣς ὑπὸ Τυδεΐδῃ πυκιναὶ κλονέοντο φάλαγγες
even so by Tydeus’ son were the dense phalanxes
Τρώων, οὐδʼ ἄρα μιν μίμνον πολέες περ ἐόντες.
of the Trojans thrown into confusion, and many though they were, they did not abide him.
τὸν δʼ ὡς οὖν ἐνόησε Λυκάονος ἀγλαὸς υἱὸς
But when the glorious son of Lycaon saw him
θύνοντʼ ἂμ πεδίον πρὸ ἕθεν κλονέοντα φάλαγγας,
raging across the plain, throwing the phalanxes into confusion before him,
αἶψʼ ἐπὶ Τυδεΐδῃ ἐτιταίνετο καμπύλα τόξα,
straightway against Tydeus’ son he drew his curved bow,
καὶ βάλʼ ἐπαΐσσοντα τυχὼν κατὰ δεξιὸν ὦμον
and struck him as he rushed on, hitting him on the right shoulder,
θώρηκος γύαλον· διὰ δʼ ἔπτατο πικρὸς ὀϊστός,
on the plate of his corselet; and through flew the bitter arrow,
ἀντικρὺ δὲ διέσχε, παλάσσετο δʼ αἵματι θώρηξ.
and held straight on its way, and the corselet was splattered with blood.
τῷ δʼ ἐπὶ μακρὸν ἄϋσε Λυκάονος ἀγλαὸς υἱός·
Over him then did the glorious son of Lycaon shout aloud:
ὄρνυσθε Τρῶες μεγάθυμοι κέντορες ἵππων·
”Rise up, great-hearted Trojans, goaders of horses!
βέβληται γὰρ ἄριστος Ἀχαιῶν, οὐδέ ἕ φημι2
For the best of the Achaeans is struck, and I declare that
δήθʼ ἀνσχήσεσθαι κρατερὸν βέλος, εἰ ἐτεόν με
he will not long endure the mighty arrow, if in truth
ὦρσεν ἄναξ Διὸς υἱὸς ἀπορνύμενον Λυκίηθεν.
the king, the son of Zeus, urged me to set forth from Lycia.”
ὣς ἔφατʼ εὐχόμενος· τὸν δʼ οὐ βέλος ὠκὺ δάμασσεν,
So he spoke boasting; but him the swift arrow did not lay low,
ἀλλʼ ἀναχωρήσας πρόσθʼ ἵπποιιν καὶ ὄχεσφιν
but drawing back in front of his horses and chariot
ἔστη, καὶ Σθένελον προσέφη Καπανήϊον υἱόν·
he stood, and spoke to Sthenelus, son of Capaneus:
ὄρσο πέπον Καπανηϊάδη, καταβήσεο δίφρου,
”Rouse you, gentle son of Capaneus, step down from the chariot,
ὄφρά μοι ἐξ ὤμοιο ἐρύσσῃς πικρὸν ὀϊστόν.
that you may draw from my shoulder the bitter arrow.”
ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφη, Σθένελος δὲ καθʼ ἵππων ἆλτο χαμᾶζε,
So he spoke, and Sthenelus leapt from his chariot to the ground,
πὰρ δὲ στὰς βέλος ὠκὺ διαμπερὲς ἐξέρυσʼ ὤμου·
and standing beside him drew the swift arrow clean out of his shoulder;
αἷμα δʼ ἀνηκόντιζε διὰ στρεπτοῖο χιτῶνος.
and the blood spurted up through the woven tunic.
δὴ τότʼ ἔπειτʼ ἠρᾶτο βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης·
Then indeed Diomedes, good at the war-cry, prayed:
κλῦθί μευ αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς τέκος Ἀτρυτώνη,
”Hear me, child of Zeus who bears the aegis, unwearied one,
εἴ ποτέ μοι καὶ πατρὶ φίλα φρονέουσα παρέστης
if ever with friendly mind you stood by my father
δηΐῳ ἐν πολέμῳ, νῦν αὖτʼ ἐμὲ φῖλαι Ἀθήνη·
in hostile war, now in turn show your love to me, Athena;
δὸς δέ τέ μʼ ἄνδρα ἑλεῖν καὶ ἐς ὁρμὴν ἔγχεος ἐλθεῖν
and grant that I may slay this man and come within spear-thrust of him
ὅς μʼ ἔβαλε φθάμενος καὶ ἐπεύχεται, οὐδέ μέ φησι
who struck me first and boasts, and declares that I shall not
δηρὸν ἔτʼ ὄψεσθαι λαμπρὸν φάος ἠελίοιο.
long look upon the bright light of the sun.”
ὣς ἔφατʼ εὐχόμενος· τοῦ δʼ ἔκλυε Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη,
So he spoke praying, and Pallas Athena heard him,
γυῖα δʼ ἔθηκεν ἐλαφρά, πόδας καὶ χεῖρας ὕπερθεν·
and made his limbs light, his feet and his hands above;
ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱσταμένη ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·
and standing near she spoke winged words to him:
θαρσῶν νῦν Διόμηδες ἐπὶ Τρώεσσι μάχεσθαι·
”Be of good courage now, Diomedes, to fight against the Trojans;
ἐν γάρ τοι στήθεσσι μένος πατρώϊον ἧκα
for in your chest I have put your father’s strength,
ἄτρομον, οἷον ἔχεσκε σακέσπαλος ἱππότα Τυδεύς·
fearless, such as shield-shaking horseman Tydeus used to have;
ἀχλὺν δʼ αὖ τοι ἀπʼ ὀφθαλμῶν ἕλον ἣ3 πρὶν ἐπῆεν,
and from your eyes I have taken the mist that was upon them before,
ὄφρʼ εὖ γιγνώσκῃς ἠμὲν θεὸν ἠδὲ καὶ ἄνδρα.
so that you may well discern both god and man.
τὼ νῦν αἴ κε θεὸς πειρώμενος ἐνθάδʼ ἵκηται
Therefore now, if any god comes here to make trial of you,
μή τι σύ γʼ ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖς ἀντικρὺ μάχεσθαι4
do you by no means fight face to face with the other immortal gods;
τοῖς ἄλλοις· ἀτὰρ εἴ κε Διὸς θυγάτηρ Ἀφροδίτη
but if Zeus’ daughter Aphrodite
ἔλθῃσʼ ἐς πόλεμον, τήν γʼ οὐτάμεν ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ.
enters the battle, her do you wound with the sharp bronze.”
ἣ μὲν ἄρʼ ὣς εἰποῦσʼ ἀπέβη γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη,
Having thus spoken, flashing-eyed Athena went away,
Τυδεΐδης δʼ ἐξαῦτις ἰὼν προμάχοισιν ἐμίχθη
and the son of Tydeus returned and mingled again with the foremost fighters,
καὶ πρίν περ θυμῷ μεμαὼς Τρώεσσι μάχεσθαι·
and though before he was eager in heart to fight against the Trojans,
δὴ τότε μιν τρὶς τόσσον ἕλεν μένος ὥς τε λέοντα
then indeed did three times as much strength take hold of him, like a lion
ὅν ῥά τε ποιμὴν ἀγρῷ ἐπʼ εἰροπόκοις ὀΐεσσι
whom a shepherd in the field among his fleecy sheep
χραύσῃ μέν τʼ αὐλῆς ὑπεράλμενον οὐδὲ δαμάσσῃ·
has grazed as he leapt over the wall of the fold, but has not vanquished;
τοῦ μέν τε σθένος ὦρσεν, ἔπειτα δέ τʼ οὐ προσαμύνει,
his strength the shepherd has roused, but thereafter he does not defend them,
- 5.85γνοίης
The second-person optative γνοίης with ἄν expresses potentiality in the past ("you would have known" or "one would have recognized"). This is the classic "ideal spectator" construction, in which the narrator addresses an imaginary observer.
- 5.103φημι
An Accusative with Infinitive (AcI) construction introduced by the verb φημί. The subject accusative is the third-person singular pronoun ἕ (him), and the infinitive is the future middle/passive ἀνσχήσεσθαι.
- 5.127ἣ
The relative pronoun ἣ is feminine singular nominative, referring back to the feminine accusative singular antecedent ἀχλύν in the preceding line. It remains in the nominative case to serve as the subject within its own relative clause.
- 5.130μάχεσθαι
The infinitive μάχεσθαι introduced by the negative particle μή. This is an "imperative infinitive" functioning as a direct command/prohibition ("do not fight").