- Source
- Homer. Homeri Opera, Volumes 1-2. Monro, D. B. (David Binning), editor; Allen, Thomas W. (Thomas William), editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:20.1-20.75
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-01
With Zeus's permission, the gods intervene in the mortal war, descending to earth to aid either the Achaeans or the Trojans. As they confront one another, a titanic clash begins, shaking both heaven and earth.
ὣς οἳ μὲν παρὰ νηυσὶ κορωνίσι θωρήσσοντοἀμφὶ σὲ Πηλέος υἱὲ μάχης ἀκόρητον Ἀχαιοί,
Thus, son of Peleus, insatiable of battle, did the Achaeans arm themselves by their curved ships around you,
Τρῶες δʼ αὖθʼ ἑτέρωθεν1 ἐπὶ θρωσμῷ πεδίοιο·
and the Trojans on the other side likewise on the rising ground of the plain.
Ζεὺς δὲ Θέμιστα κέλευσε θεοὺς ἀγορὴν δὲ καλέσσαικρατὸς ἀπʼ Οὐλύμποιο πολυπτύχου· ἣ δʼ ἄρα πάντῃφοιτήσασα κέλευσε Διὸς πρὸς δῶμα νέεσθαι.
Zeus bade Themis call the gods to assembly from the peak of many-folded Olympus; and she went everywhere and bade them go to the house of Zeus.
οὔτέ τις οὖν ποταμῶν ἀπέην νόσφʼ Ὠκεανοῖο,οὔτʼ ἄρα νυμφάων αἵ τʼ ἄλσεα καλὰ νέμονταικαὶ πηγὰς ποταμῶν καὶ πίσεα ποιήεντα.
Not one of the rivers was absent, save Oceanus, nor any of the nymphs who inhabit the beautiful groves, the springs of rivers, and the grassy meadows.
ἐλθόντες δʼ ἐς δῶμα Διὸς νεφεληγερέταο1 ξεστῇς αἰθούσῃσιν ἐνίζανον, ἃς Διὶ πατρὶ2 Ἥφαιστος ποίησεν ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσιν.
And coming to the house of cloud-gathering Zeus, they sat down in the polished porticoes which Hephaestus had made for father Zeus with cunning skill.
ὣς οἳ μὲν Διὸς ἔνδον ἀγηγέρατʼ· οὐδʼ ἐνοσίχθων4 νηκούστησε θεᾶς, ἀλλʼ ἐξ ἁλὸς ἦλθε μετʼ αὐτούς,5 ἷζε δʼ ἄρʼ ἐν μέσσοισι, Διὸς δʼ ἐξείρετο βουλήν·
Thus were they gathered within the house of Zeus; nor did the Earthshaker fail to hear the goddess, but came from the sea after them, and sat in the midst, and asked the counsel of Zeus:
τίπτʼ αὖτʼ ἀργικέραυνε θεοὺς ἀγορὴν δὲ κάλεσσας;7 ἦ τι περὶ Τρώων καὶ Ἀχαιῶν μερμηρίζεις;8 τῶν γὰρ νῦν ἄγχιστα μάχη πόλεμός τε δέδηε.
”Why, lord of the lightning, have you called the gods again to assembly? Are you devising some purpose concerning the Trojans and Achaeans? For now their battle and war is kindled very near.”
τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς·
Then cloud-gathering Zeus answered him:
ἔγνως ἐννοσίγαιε ἐμὴν ἐν στήθεσι βουλὴνὧν ἕνεκα ξυνάγειρα·2 μέλουσί μοι ὀλλύμενοί περ.
”You know, Earthshaker, the purpose in my breast for which I gathered them; they are a care to me, even though they perish.
ἀλλʼ ἤτοι μὲν ἐγὼ μενέω πτυχὶ Οὐλύμποιοἥμενος, ἔνθʼ ὁρόων φρένα τέρψομαι· οἳ δὲ δὴ ἄλλοιἔρχεσθʼ ὄφρʼ ἂν ἵκησθε μετὰ Τρῶας καὶ Ἀχαιούς,ἀμφοτέροισι δʼ ἀρήγεθʼ ὅπῃ νόος ἐστὶν ἑκάστου.
Yet I will remain sitting in a fold of Olympus, where I will please my heart by looking on; but do you others go until you come among the Trojans and Achaeans, and aid both sides as the mind of each is inclined.
εἰ γὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς οἶος ἐπὶ Τρώεσσι μαχεῖταιοὐδὲ μίνυνθʼ ἕξουσι3 ποδώκεα Πηλεΐωνα.
For if Achilles fights alone against the Trojans, they will not for even a little space hold back the swift-footed son of Peleus.
καὶ δέ τί μιν καὶ πρόσθεν ὑποτρομέεσκον ὁρῶντες·νῦν δʼ ὅτε δὴ καὶ θυμὸν ἑταίρου χώεται αἰνῶς0 δείδω μὴ καὶ τεῖχος ὑπέρμορον ἐξαλαπάξῃ.4
Even before this they used to tremble when they saw him; and now when he is terribly angered in heart for his companion, I fear lest he even sack the wall beyond what is fated.”
ὣς ἔφατο Κρονίδης, πόλεμον δʼ ἀλίαστον ἔγειρε.2 βὰν δʼ ἴμεναι πόλεμον δὲ θεοὶ δίχα θυμὸν ἔχοντες·
Thus spoke the son of Cronos, and roused unrelenting war. And the gods went forth to the war, divided in their minds:
Ἥρη μὲν μετʼ ἀγῶνα νεῶν καὶ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη4 ἠδὲ Ποσειδάων γαιήοχος ἠδʼ ἐριούνης5 Ἑρμείας, ὃς ἐπὶ φρεσὶ πευκαλίμῃσι κέκασται·
Hera went to the gathering of the ships, and Pallas Athena, and Poseidon the earth-enfolder, and the helper Hermes, who is adorned with a wise mind;
Ἥφαιστος δʼ ἅμα τοῖσι κίε σθένεϊ βλεμεαίνων7 χωλεύων, ὑπὸ δὲ κνῆμαι ῥώοντο ἀραιαί.
and with them went Hephaestus, exulting in his strength, limping, and beneath him his slender legs moved nimbly.
ἐς δὲ Τρῶας Ἄρης κορυθαίολος, αὐτὰρ ἅμʼ αὐτῷ9 Φοῖβος ἀκερσεκόμης ἠδʼ Ἄρτεμις ἰοχέαιρα0 Λητώ τε Ξάνθός τε φιλομειδής τʼ Ἀφροδίτη.
But to the Trojans went Ares of the flashing helmet, and with him Phoebus of the unshorn hair, and Artemis the archer, and Leto, and Xanthus, and laughter-loving Aphrodite.
εἷος μέν ῥʼ ἀπάνευθε θεοὶ θνητῶν ἔσαν ἀνδρῶν,2 τεῖος Ἀχαιοὶ μὲν μέγα κύδανον, οὕνεκʼ Ἀχιλλεὺς3 ἐξεφάνη, δηρὸν δὲ μάχης ἐπέπαυτʼ ἀλεγεινῆς·
As long as the gods were far from mortal men, so long did the Achaeans triumph greatly, because Achilles had appeared, and he had long held aloof from grievous war;
Τρῶας δὲ τρόμος αἰνὸς ὑπήλυθε γυῖα ἕκαστον5 δειδιότας, ὅθʼ ὁρῶντο ποδώκεα Πηλεΐωνα6 τεύχεσι λαμπόμενον βροτολοιγῷ ἶσον Ἄρηϊ.
but a terrible trembling came upon the limbs of each of the Trojans, in their fear when they beheld the swift-footed son of Peleus gleaming in his armor like baneful Ares.
αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ μεθʼ ὅμιλον Ὀλύμπιοι ἤλυθον ἀνδρῶν,8 ὦρτο δʼ Ἔρις κρατερὴ λαοσσόος, αὖε δʼ Ἀθήνη9 στᾶσʼ ὁτὲ μὲν παρὰ τάφρον ὀρυκτὴν τείχεος ἐκτός,ἄλλοτʼ ἐπʼ ἀκτάων ἐριδούπων μακρὸν ἀΰτει.
But when the Olympians came into the throng of men, then rose mighty Eris, rouser of hosts, and Athena cried aloud, standing now by the dug trench outside the wall, and now upon the echoing shores she shouted loud.
αὖε δʼ Ἄρης ἑτέρωθεν ἐρεμνῇ λαίλαπι ἶσοςὀξὺ κατʼ ἀκροτάτης πόλιος Τρώεσσι κελεύων,ἄλλοτε πὰρ Σιμόεντι θέων ἐπὶ Καλλικολώνῃ.
And Ares on the other side shouted, like a dark tempest, urging the Trojans with sharp cries from the highest point of the city, and now running beside Simois upon the Callicolone.
ὣς τοὺς ἀμφοτέρους μάκαρες θεοὶ ὀτρύνοντεςσύμβαλον, ἐν δʼ αὐτοῖς ἔριδα ῥήγνυντο βαρεῖαν·
Thus the blessed gods urged both sides to clash, and among them made heavy strife to break forth;
δεινὸν δὲ βρόντησε πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τεὑψόθεν· αὐτὰρ νέρθε Ποσειδάων ἐτίναξεγαῖαν ἀπειρεσίην ὀρέων τʼ αἰπεινὰ κάρηνα.
and terribly did the father of men and gods thunder from above, while from beneath Poseidon shook the boundless earth and the steep peaks of the mountains.
πάντες δʼ ἐσσείοντο πόδες πολυπίδακος Ἴδηςκαὶ κορυφαί, Τρώων τε πόλις καὶ νῆες Ἀχαιῶν.
All the feet of many-fountained Ida were shaken, and its crests, and the city of the Trojans, and the ships of the Achaeans.
ἔδεισεν δʼ ὑπένερθεν ἄναξ ἐνέρων Ἀϊδωνεύς,δείσας δʼ ἐκ θρόνου ἆλτο καὶ ἴαχε, μή οἱ ὕπερθε5γαῖαν ἀναρρήξειε Ποσειδάων ἐνοσίχθων,οἰκία δὲ θνητοῖσι καὶ ἀθανάτοισι φανείησμερδαλέʼ εὐρώεντα, τά τε στυγέουσι θεοί περ·
And beneath, Aidoneus, lord of the nether world, was seized with fear, and leaped from his throne in terror and cried aloud, lest Poseidon, the earthshaker, should cleave the earth above him, and his dwellings should be laid bare to mortals and immortals, grim and mouldering, which even the gods abhor;
τόσσος ἄρα κτύπος ὦρτο θεῶν ἔριδι ξυνιόντων.
such a crash arose when the gods clashed in strife.
ἤτοι μὲν γὰρ ἔναντα Ποσειδάωνος ἄνακτοςἵστατʼ Ἀπόλλων Φοῖβος ἔχων ἰὰ πτερόεντα,ἄντα δʼ Ἐνυαλίοιο θεὰ γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη·
For against lord Poseidon stood Phoebus Apollo with his winged arrows, and against Enyalius stood the goddess, flashing-eyed Athena;
Ἥρῃ δʼ ἀντέστη χρυσηλάκατος κελαδεινὴ1 Ἄρτεμις ἰοχέαιρα κασιγνήτη ἑκάτοιο·
against Hera stood gold-shafted Artemis of the echoing chase, the sister of the Far-shooter;
Λητοῖ δʼ ἀντέστη σῶκος ἐριούνιος Ἑρμῆς,3 ἄντα δʼ ἄρʼ Ἡφαίστοιο μέγας ποταμὸς βαθυδίνης,4 ὃν Ξάνθον καλέουσι θεοί, ἄνδρες δὲ Σκάμανδρον.
against Leto stood the strong helper Hermes, and against Hephaestus stood the great deep-eddying river, which gods call Xanthus, and men Scamander.
ὣς οἳ μὲν θεοὶ ἄντα θεῶν ἴσαν· αὐτὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς
Thus gods went against gods; but Achilles
- 20.3Τρῶες δʼ αὖθʼ ἑτέρωθεν
The verb θωρήσσοντο (were arming themselves) from the previous clause is omitted in this parallel clause.
- 20.21ὧν ἕνεκα ξυνάγειρα
The relative pronoun ὧν (genitive plural) incorporates its omitted neuter plural antecedent and is in the genitive case governed by the postposition ἕνεκα.
- 20.27οὐδὲ μίνυνθʼ ἕξουσι
The verb ἔχω (future ἕξουσι) is used here in the sense of 'to hold back' or 'withstand'. Combined with the adverb μίνυνθα (for a little space), it expresses a strong negative meaning: 'they will not withstand him even for a short moment.'
- 20.3ὑπέρμορον ἐξαλαπάξῃ
A μή-clause of apprehension introduced by the verb of fearing δείδω. The word ὑπέρμορον (adverbial 'beyond what is fated') emphasizes the intensity of Achilles' rage, which threatens to transcend the established cosmic order of destiny.
- 20.62μή οἱ ὕπερθε
An optative clause of fear introduced by the participle δείσας (fearing) with μή and the third-person singular optative ἀναρρήξειε. It expresses Hades' intense dread that Poseidon might cleave the earth open from above and expose the underworld.