- Source
- Homer. Homeri Opera, Volumes 1-2. Monro, D. B. (David Binning), editor; Allen, Thomas W. (Thomas William), editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:19.140-19.211
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-11-01
Agamemnon proposes to immediately deliver the gifts of reconciliation, but Achilles urges an instant departure for battle. Odysseus interposes, advising that the soldiers must first eat and that the gifts and oath must be presented before the assembly, to which they agree.
δῶρα δʼ ἐγὼν ὅδε πάντα παρασχέμεν ὅσσά τοι ἐλθὼν
”And I here am ready to provide all those gifts which noble Odysseus
χθιζὸς ἐνὶ κλισίῃσιν ὑπέσχετο δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς.
went to your hut and promised yesterday.
εἰ δʼ ἐθέλεις, ἐπίμεινον ἐπειγόμενός περ Ἄρηος,
But if you wish, wait, though eager for war,
δῶρα δέ τοι θεράποντες ἐμῆς παρὰ νηὸς ἑλόντες
and my squires shall take the gifts from my ship and
οἴσουσʼ, ὄφρα ἴδηαι ὅ τοι μενοεικέα δώσω.
bring them, so that you may see what fitting things I shall give you.”
τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς·
And swift-footed Achilles answered him, saying:
Ἀτρεΐδη κύδιστε ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγάμεμνον
”Son of Atreus, most glorious Agamemnon, lord of men,
δῶρα μὲν αἴ κʼ ἐθέλῃσθα παρασχέμεν,1 ὡς ἐπιεικές,
as for the gifts, if you wish to provide them, as is fitting,
ἤ τʼ ἐχέμεν παρὰ σοί· νῦν δὲ μνησώμεθα χάρμης
or to keep them, that is with you; but now let us think of battle
αἶψα μάλʼ· οὐ γὰρ χρὴ κλοτοπεύειν ἐνθάδʼ ἐόντας
straightway; for it is not right to dally here
οὐδὲ διατρίβειν· ἔτι γὰρ μέγα ἔργον ἄρεκτον·
or to waste time, for a great work is still undone;
ὥς κέ τις αὖτʼ Ἀχιλῆα2 μετὰ πρώτοισιν ἴδηται
so that many a one may again see Achilles among the foremost
ἔγχεϊ χαλκείῳ Τρώων ὀλέκοντα φάλαγγας.
destroying the phalanxes of the Trojans with his bronze spear.
ὧδέ τις ὑμείων μεμνημένος ἀνδρὶ μαχέσθω.
Let each of you mark this in his mind and fight his man.”
τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς·
And resourceful Odysseus answered him, saying:
μὴ δʼ οὕτως, ἀγαθός περ ἐών, θεοείκελʼ Ἀχιλλεῦ
”Do not thus, brave though you are, godlike Achilles,
νήστιας ὄτρυνε προτὶ Ἴλιον υἷας Ἀχαιῶν
urge the sons of the Achaeans to go fasting to Ilium
Τρωσὶ μαχησομένους, ἐπεὶ οὐκ ὀλίγον χρόνον ἔσται
to fight the Trojans, since the battle will be for no short time
φύλοπις, εὖτʼ ἂν πρῶτον ὁμιλήσωσι φάλαγγες
when once the phalanxes of men meet,
ἀνδρῶν, ἐν δὲ θεὸς πνεύσῃ μένος ἀμφοτέροισιν.
and a god breathes strength into both sides.
ἀλλὰ πάσασθαι ἄνωχθι θοῇς ἐπὶ νηυσὶν Ἀχαιοὺς
But bid the Achaeans by their swift ships taste
σίτου καὶ οἴνοιο· τὸ γὰρ μένος ἐστὶ καὶ ἀλκή.
of food and wine; for therein is strength and valor.
οὐ γὰρ ἀνὴρ πρόπαν ἦμαρ ἐς ἠέλιον καταδύντα
For a man cannot fight against the enemy all day
ἄκμηνος σίτοιο δυνήσεται ἄντα μάχεσθαι·
until the setting of the sun without food;
εἴ περ γὰρ θυμῷ γε μενοινάᾳ πολεμίζειν,
for even if in his heart he is eager to fight,
ἀλλά τε λάθρῃ γυῖα βαρύνεται, ἠδὲ κιχάνει
yet his limbs grow heavy unawares, and thirst
δίψά τε καὶ λιμός, βλάβεται δέ τε γούνατʼ ἰόντι.
and hunger come upon him, and his knees fail him as he goes.
ὃς δέ κʼ ἀνὴρ οἴνοιο κορεσσάμενος καὶ ἐδωδῆς
But the man who is sated with wine and food
ἀνδράσι δυσμενέεσσι πανημέριος πολεμίζῃ,
and fights all day with hostile men,
θαρσαλέον νύ οἱ ἦτορ ἐνὶ φρεσίν, οὐδέ τι γυῖα
has a courageous heart in his breast, nor do his limbs
πρὶν κάμνει πρὶν πάντας ἐρωῆσαι πολέμοιο.
grow weary until all have withdrawn from the battle.
ἀλλʼ ἄγε λαὸν μὲν σκέδασον καὶ δεῖπνον ἄνωχθι
But come, dismiss the host and bid them prepare
ὅπλεσθαι· τὰ δὲ δῶρα ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων
their meal; and let the lord of men Agamemnon
οἰσέτω ἐς μέσσην ἀγορήν, ἵνα πάντες Ἀχαιοὶ
bring the gifts into the midst of the assembly, so that all Achaeans
ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἴδωσι, σὺ δὲ φρεσὶ σῇσιν ἰανθῇς.
may see them with their eyes, and your own heart may be warmed.
ὀμνυέτω δέ τοι ὅρκον ἐν Ἀργείοισιν ἀναστὰς
And let him rise and swear an oath to you among the Argives
μή ποτε τῆς εὐνῆς ἐπιβήμεναι ἠδὲ μιγῆναι·
that he never entered her bed nor lay with her,
ἣ θέμις ἐστὶν ἄναξ ἤ τʼ ἀνδρῶν ἤ τε γυναικῶν·
as is the custom, O king, of men and women;
καὶ δὲ σοὶ αὐτῷ θυμὸς ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ἵλαος ἔστω.
and let your own heart in your breast be reconciled.
αὐτὰρ ἔπειτά σε δαιτὶ ἐνὶ κλισίῃς ἀρεσάσθω
And thereafter let him make amends to you in his hut
πιείρῃ, ἵνα μή τι δίκης ἐπιδευὲς ἔχῃσθα.
with a rich feast, so that you may lack nothing of justice.
Ἀτρεΐδη σὺ δʼ ἔπειτα δικαιότερος καὶ ἐπʼ ἄλλῳ
And you, son of Atreus, shall thereafter be more just to others;
ἔσσεαι. οὐ μὲν γάρ τι νεμεσσητὸν βασιλῆα3
for it is no shameful thing for a king
ἄνδρʼ ἀπαρέσσασθαι ὅτε τις πρότερος χαλεπήνῃ.
to make amends to a man when he was the first to wax wroth.”
τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπεν ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων·
Then the lord of men Agamemnon answered him:
χαίρω σεῦ Λαερτιάδη τὸν μῦθον ἀκούσας·
”I rejoice, son of Laertes, to hear your word;
ἐν μοίρῃ γὰρ πάντα διίκεο καὶ κατέλεξας.
for you have spoken and set forth all things in due order.
ταῦτα δʼ ἐγὼν ἐθέλω ὀμόσαι, κέλεται δέ με θυμός,
This oath I am willing to swear, and my heart bids me,
οὐδʼ ἐπιορκήσω πρὸς δαίμονος. αὐτὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς
nor shall I swear falsely before the god. But let Achilles
μιμνέτω αὐτόθι τεῖος ἐπειγόμενός περ Ἄρηος·
remain here for a while, though eager for war,
μίμνετε δʼ ἄλλοι πάντες ἀολλέες, ὄφρά κε δῶρα
and do you others all remain assembled, until the gifts
ἐκ κλισίης ἔλθῃσι καὶ ὅρκια πιστὰ τάμωμεν.
come from the hut and we cut our trustworthy oaths.
σοὶ δʼ αὐτῷ τόδʼ ἐγὼν ἐπιτέλλομαι ἠδὲ κελεύω·
And to you yourself I give this charge and command:
κρινάμενος κούρητας ἀριστῆας Παναχαιῶν
choose the best young men of all the Achaeans
δῶρα ἐμῆς παρὰ νηὸς ἐνεικέμεν, ὅσσʼ Ἀχιλῆϊ
to bring from my ship the gifts which we yesterday
χθιζὸν ὑπέστημεν δώσειν, ἀγέμεν τε γυναῖκας.
promised to give to Achilles, and to bring the women.
Ταλθύβιος δέ μοι ὦκα κατὰ στρατὸν εὐρὺν Ἀχαιῶν
And let Talthybius quickly prepare for me throughout the wide camp
κάπρον ἑτοιμασάτω ταμέειν Διί τʼ Ἠελίῳ τε.
of the Achaeans a boar to sacrifice to Zeus and to the Sun.”
τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς·
Then swift-footed Achilles answered him, saying:
Ἀτρεΐδη κύδιστε ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγάμεμνον
”Son of Atreus, most glorious Agamemnon, lord of men,
ἄλλοτέ περ καὶ μᾶλλον ὀφέλλετε ταῦτα πένεσθαι,
at some other time you ought rather to busy yourselves with these things,
ὁππότε τις μεταπαυσωλὴ πολέμοιο γένηται
when there is some pause in the fighting
καὶ μένος οὐ τόσον ᾖσιν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἐμοῖσι.
and the fury is not so great in my breast.
νῦν δʼ οἳ μὲν κέαται δεδαϊγμένοι, οὓς ἐδάμασσεν
But now those lie mangled whom
Ἕκτωρ Πριαμίδης, ὅτε οἱ Ζεὺς κῦδος ἔδωκεν,
Hector, son of Priam, slew when Zeus gave him glory,
ὑμεῖς δʼ ἐς βρωτὺν ὀτρύνετον· ἦ τʼ ἂν ἔγωγε
and you urge us to eat. Truly, for my part,
νῦν μὲν ἀνώγοιμι πτολεμίζειν υἷας Ἀχαιῶν
I would now bid the sons of the Achaeans fight
νήστιας ἀκμήνους, ἅμα δʼ ἠελίῳ καταδύντι
fasting and hungry, and at the setting of the sun
τεύξεσθαι μέγα δόρπον, ἐπὴν τεισαίμεθα λώβην.
prepare a great meal, when we have avenged our outrage.
πρὶν δʼ οὔ πως ἂν ἔμοιγε φίλον κατὰ λαιμὸν ἰείη
Till then, for me at least, down my throat shall pass
οὐ πόσις οὐδὲ βρῶσις ἑταίρου τεθνηῶτος
neither drink nor food, since my companion is dead,
ὅς μοι ἐνὶ κλισίῃ δεδαϊγμένος ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ
who lies mangled in my hut with sharp bronze.”
- 19.147δῶρα μὲν αἴ κʼ ἐθέλῃσθα παρασχέμεν
A conditional clause introduced by αἴ κε (εἴ κε) with the subjunctive (ἐθέλῃσθα is an epic form of the second-person singular). The apodosis is omitted, indicating Achilles' total indifference and impatience regarding the gifts.
- 19.151ὥς κέ τις αὖτʼ Ἀχιλῆα
The construction of ὥς κε with the subjunctive (ἴδηται) forms a final clause expressing purpose. It presents Achilles' strong resolve and purposeful desire to show the Achaeans his swift return to the vanguard of the battle.
- 19.182οὐ μὲν γάρ τι νεμεσσητὸν βασιλῆα
An infinitive construction introduced by the impersonal adjective νεμεσσητόν (with the copula ἐστί omitted). The accusative βασιλῆα serves as the subject accusative of the infinitive ἀπαρέσσασθαι (in line 183), while ἄνδρα (in line 183) is its direct object, meaning 'it is not at all a shameful thing for a king to make amends to a man whom he was the first to anger.'