- Source
- Homer. Homeri Opera, Volumes 1-2. Monro, D. B. (David Binning), editor; Allen, Thomas W. (Thomas William), editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920.
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:15.609-15.676
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-10-31
Under divine favor, Hector launches a fierce assault, driving the Achaeans back to their ships. Roused by Nestor's passionate plea to remember their families and Athena's clearing of the mist, the Achaeans regain their resolve and face the enemy.
σμερδαλέον κροτάφοισι τινάσσετο μαρναμένοιο1
shook terrifyingly about the temples of fighting Hector; for Zeus himself was his helper from the upper air,
Ἕκτορος· αὐτὸς γάρ οἱ ἀπʼ αἰθέρος ἦεν ἀμύντωρ
Zeus, who, though Hector was but one among many men,
Ζεύς, ὅς μιν πλεόνεσσι μετʼ ἀνδράσι μοῦνον ἐόντα
honored and glorified him. For he was destined to be short-lived;
τίμα καὶ κύδαινε. μινυνθάδιος γὰρ ἔμελλεν
for already Pallas Athena was driving on his day of doom
ἔσσεσθʼ· ἤδη γάρ οἱ ἐπόρνυε μόρσιμον ἦμαρ
under the might of the son of Peleus.
Παλλὰς Ἀθηναίη ὑπὸ Πηλεΐδαο βίηφιν.
And he was eager to break the ranks of men, making trial of them
καί ῥʼ ἔθελεν ῥῆξαι στίχας ἀνδρῶν πειρητίζων,
wherever he saw the thickest throng and the finest armor;
ᾗ δὴ πλεῖστον ὅμιλον ὅρα καὶ τεύχεʼ ἄριστα·
but not even so could he break them, though he was very eager;
ἀλλʼ οὐδʼ ὧς δύνατο ῥῆξαι μάλα περ μενεαίνων·
for they held firm, close-knit like a wall, like a sheer,
ἴσχον γὰρ πυργηδὸν ἀρηρότες, ἠΰτε πέτρη
great cliff near the grey sea,
ἠλίβατος μεγάλη πολιῆς ἁλὸς ἐγγὺς ἐοῦσα,
which abides the swift paths of the shrill winds
ἥ τε μένει λιγέων ἀνέμων λαιψηρὰ κέλευθα
and the swelling waves that spew against it;
κύματά τε τροφόεντα, τά τε προσερεύγεται αὐτήν·
even so the Danaans awaited the Trojans steadfastly, and fled not.
ὣς Δαναοὶ Τρῶας μένον ἔμπεδον οὐδὲ φέβοντο.
But he, gleaming with fire on every side, leaped into the throng,
αὐτὰρ ὃ λαμπόμενος πυρὶ πάντοθεν ἔνθορʼ ὁμίλῳ,
and fell upon them as when a wave falls upon a swift ship,
ἐν δʼ ἔπεσʼ ὡς ὅτε κῦμα θοῇ ἐν νηῒ πέσῃσι
violent, from beneath the clouds, wind-nurtured; and the whole ship
λάβρον ὑπαὶ νεφέων ἀνεμοτρεφές· ἣ δέ τε πᾶσα
is hidden in foam, and the dread blast of the wind
ἄχνῃ ὑπεκρύφθη, ἀνέμοιο δὲ δεινὸς ἀήτη
roars against the sail, and the sailors tremble in their hearts
ἱστίῳ ἐμβρέμεται, τρομέουσι δέ τε φρένα ναῦται
in fear; for by only a little are they carried out from death;
δειδιότες· τυτθὸν γὰρ ὑπʼ ἐκ θανάτοιο φέρονται·
even so was the heart rent in the breasts of the Achaeans.
ὣς ἐδαΐζετο θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν Ἀχαιῶν.
But he, like a destructive lion coming upon cattle,
αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ὥς τε λέων ὀλοόφρων βουσὶν ἐπελθών,
which are grazing in the wet meadow-land of a great marsh,
αἵ ῥά τʼ ἐν εἱαμενῇ ἕλεος μεγάλοιο νέμονται
by thousands, and among them is a herdsman who does not yet know well
μυρίαι, ἐν δέ τε τῇσι νομεὺς οὔ πω σάφα εἰδὼς
how to fight with a wild beast for the carcass of a curved-horned ox;
θηρὶ μαχέσσασθαι ἕλικος βοὸς ἀμφὶ φονῇσιν·
he indeed ever paces along with the foremost or the hindmost cattle,
ἤτοι ὃ μὲν πρώτῃσι καὶ ὑστατίῃσι βόεσσιν
but the beast, leaping into the midst,
αἰὲν ὁμοστιχάει, ὃ δέ τʼ ἐν μέσσῃσιν ὀρούσας
devours an ox, and all the rest flee in terror; even so then the Achaeans
βοῦν ἔδει, αἳ δέ τε πᾶσαι ὑπέτρεσαν· ὣς τότʼ Ἀχαιοὶ
were wondrously put to flight by Hector and father Zeus,
θεσπεσίως ἐφόβηθεν ὑφʼ Ἕκτορι καὶ Διὶ πατρὶ
all of them, yet Hector slew only Periphetes of Mycenae,
πάντες, ὃ δʼ οἶον ἔπεφνε Μυκηναῖον Περιφήτην,
the dear son of Copreus, who used to go on messages for lord Eurystheus
Κοπρῆος φίλον υἱόν, ὃς Εὐρυσθῆος ἄνακτος
to the mighty Heracles.
ἀγγελίης2 οἴχνεσκε βίῃ Ἡρακληείῃ.
From that far inferior father was born a son far better
τοῦ γένετʼ ἐκ πατρὸς πολὺ χείρονος υἱὸς ἀμείνων
in all kinds of excellence, both in fleetness of foot and in fight,
παντοίας ἀρετάς, ἠμὲν πόδας ἠδὲ μάχεσθαι,
and in mind he was among the first of the Mycenaeans;
καὶ νόον ἐν πρώτοισι Μυκηναίων ἐτέτυκτο·
he it was who then yielded exceeding glory to Hector.
ὅς ῥα τόθʼ Ἕκτορι κῦδος ὑπέρτερον ἐγγυάλιξε.
For as he turned backward, he tripped against the rim of his shield,
στρεφθεὶς γὰρ μετόπισθεν ἐν ἀσπίδος ἄντυγι πάλτο,
which he himself carried, reaching to his feet, a defense against javelins;
τὴν αὐτὸς φορέεσκε ποδηνεκέʼ ἕρκος ἀκόντων·
tripping on this, he fell backward, and about his temples his helmet
τῇ ὅ γʼ ἐνὶ βλαφθεὶς πέσεν ὕπτιος, ἀμφὶ δὲ πήληξ
rang terrifyingly as he fell.
σμερδαλέον κονάβησε περὶ κροτάφοισι πεσόντος.
And Hector quickly perceived it, and ran and stood near him,
Ἕκτωρ δʼ ὀξὺ νόησε, θέων δέ οἱ ἄγχι παρέστη,
and fixed his spear in his breast, and slew him near his dear comrades;
στήθεϊ δʼ ἐν δόρυ πῆξε, φίλων δέ μιν ἐγγὺς ἑταίρων
and they, though grieving for their comrade, could not
κτεῖνʼ· οἳ δʼ οὐκ ἐδύναντο καὶ ἀχνύμενοί περ ἑταίρου
help him; for they themselves were in great dread of noble Hector.
χραισμεῖν· αὐτοὶ γὰρ μάλα δείδισαν Ἕκτορα δῖον.
And they came in face of the ships, and the outermost ships enclosed them,
εἰσωποὶ δʼ ἐγένοντο νεῶν, περὶ δʼ ἔσχεθον ἄκραι
as many as were drawn up in the first line; and the Trojans poured in after them.
νῆες ὅσαι πρῶται εἰρύατο· τοὶ δʼ ἐπέχυντο.
And the Argives retreated from the first ships, of necessity,
Ἀργεῖοι δὲ νεῶν μὲν ἐχώρησαν καὶ ἀνάγκῃ
but stayed there beside their huts,
τῶν πρωτέων, αὐτοῦ δὲ παρὰ κλισίῃσιν ἔμειναν
crowded together, and were not scattered through the camp; for shame held them
ἁθρόοι, οὐδὲ κέδασθεν ἀνὰ στρατόν· ἴσχε γὰρ αἰδὼς
and fear, and they called continually to one another.
καὶ δέος· ἀζηχὲς γὰρ ὁμόκλεον ἀλλήλοισι.
And Gerenian Nestor above all, the guardian of the Achaeans,
Νέστωρ αὖτε μάλιστα Γερήνιος οὖρος Ἀχαιῶν
implored them, adjuring each man by his parents:
λίσσεθʼ ὑπὲρ τοκέων γουνούμενος ἄνδρα ἕκαστον·
”O friends, be men, and lay shame in your hearts
ὦ φίλοι ἀνέρες ἔστε καὶ αἰδῶ θέσθʼ ἐνὶ θυμῷ
before other men, and remember, each one of you,
ἄλλων ἀνθρώπων, ἐπὶ δὲ μνήσασθε ἕκαστος
your children and wives, your possessions and parents,
παίδων ἠδʼ ἀλόχων καὶ κτήσιος ἠδὲ τοκήων,
whether they are living or are dead;
ἠμὲν ὅτεῳ ζώουσι3 καὶ ᾧ κατατεθνήκασι·
on their behalf do I here beseech you, though they are not here,
τῶν ὕπερ ἐνθάδʼ ἐγὼ γουνάζομαι οὐ παρεόντων
to stand firm, and turn not back to flight.”
ἑστάμεναι κρατερῶς, μὴ δὲ τρωπᾶσθε φόβον δέ.
So saying, he stirred the might and heart of each man.
ὣς εἰπὼν ὄτρυνε μένος καὶ θυμὸν ἑκάστου.
And from their eyes Athena pushed away the wondrous cloud of mist;
τοῖσι δʼ ἀπʼ ὀφθαλμῶν νέφος ἀχλύος ὦσεν Ἀθήνη
and they had abundant light from both sides,
θεσπέσιον· μάλα δέ σφι φόως γένετʼ ἀμφοτέρωθεν
both from the side of the ships and from that of evil war.
ἠμὲν πρὸς νηῶν καὶ ὁμοιΐου πολέμοιο.
And they recognized Hector, good at the war-cry, and his comrades,
Ἕκτορα δὲ φράσσαντο βοὴν ἀγαθὸν καὶ ἑταίρους,
both those who stood behind and fought not,
ἠμὲν ὅσοι μετόπισθεν ἀφέστασαν οὐδὲ μάχοντο,
and those who fought the battle beside the swift ships.
ἠδʼ ὅσσοι παρὰ νηυσὶ μάχην ἐμάχοντο θοῇσιν.
Nor did it longer please the heart of great-hearted Ajax
οὐδʼ ἄρʼ ἔτʼ Αἴαντι μεγαλήτορι ἥνδανε θυμῷ
to stand where the other sons of the Achaeans stood aloof;
ἑστάμεν ἔνθά περ ἄλλοι ἀφέστασαν υἷες Ἀχαιῶν·ἀλλʼ ὅ γε νηῶν ἴκριʼ ἐπῴχετο μακρὰ βιβάσθων,
but he went along the decks of the ships with long strides,
- 15.609μαρναμένοιο
Taking πήληξ (helmet) from the end of the previous chunk as the subject of τινάσσετο (shook). The genitive participle μαρναμένοιο modifies Ἕκτορος (Hector), and this genitive phrase limits either the dative of place κροτάφοισι (temples) or the subject πήληξ.
- 15.640ἀγγελίης
The genitive of the abstract noun ἀγγελίη, here used as an adverbial genitive of purpose or capacity ("on a message", "as a messenger"). The dative phrase βίῃ Ἡρακληείῃ ("to the Heraclean might") represents the recipient/destination ("to mighty Heracles").
- 15.664ἠμὲν ὅτεῳ ζώουσι
The dative relative pronouns ὅτεῳ (Epic dative of ὅστις) and ᾧ function as datives of interest or relation ("for whom", "in whose regard"). The phrase means "whether they (the parents) are living or dead to anyone," emphasizing the personal connection regardless of whether the parents are alive or deceased.