Retreat of Cnemus and Disbandment of His Army — Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War Book 2 (2.82.1), Greek & English

§2.82.1

ἐπειδὴ δὲ νὺξ ἐγένετο, ἀναχωρήσας ὁ Κνῆμος τῇ στρατιᾷ¹ κατὰ τάχος ἐπὶ τὸν Ἄναπον ποταμόν, ὃς ἀπέχει σταδίους ὀγδοήκοντα Στράτου, τούς τε νεκροὺς κομίζεται τῇ ὑστεραίᾳ ὑποσπόνδους,² καὶ Οἰνιαδῶν ξυμπαραγενομένων³ κατὰ φιλίαν ἀναχωρεῖ παρ’ αὐτοὺς πρὶν τὴν ξυμβοήθειαν ἐλθεῖν.⁴ κἀκεῖθεν ἐπ’ οἴκου ἀπῆλθον ἕκαστοι. οἱ δὲ Στράτιοι τροπαῖον ἔστησαν τῆς μάχης τῆς πρὸς τοὺς βαρβάρους.

When night came, Cnemus retreated in haste with his army to the river Anapus, which is eighty stades distant from Stratos; on the following day he recovered his dead under a truce, and since the Oeniadae had joined him out of friendship, he retreated to them before the reinforcement arrived. From there, they all returned to their respective homes. Meanwhile, the Stratians erected a trophy for the battle against the barbarians.

Syntax notes4 items

2.82.1τῇ στρατιᾷ
Dative of accompaniment (dativus sociativus), meaning "with his army" or "leading his army." It is commonly used without the preposition σύν in military contexts.
2.82.1ὑποσπόνδους
Accusative masculine plural of the adjective ὑπόσπονδος ("under a truce"), used predicatively with the object τοὺς νεκρούς to describe the condition under which the dead were recovered.
2.82.1Οἰνιαδῶν ξυμπαραγενομένων
A genitive absolute construction consisting of the noun Οἰνιάδαι and the aorist participle of ξυμπαραγίγνομαι, expressing cause: "since the Oeniadae had joined them."
2.82.1πρὶν τὴν ξυμβοήθειαν ἐλθεῖν
The conjunction πρίν is followed by the infinitive ἐλθεῖν because the governing clause is affirmative, meaning "before... arrived." The accusative τὴν ξυμβοήθειαν functions as the subject of the infinitive.

Translated by Gemini 3.5 Flash (published 2026-05-25)urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:2.82.1