- Source
- Thucydides. Historiae, Vol 1-2. Jones, Henry Stuart, editor. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1910. (1942 printing).
- Translation
- AI-generated (gemini-3.5-flash) — machine translation; may contain errors
- Languages
- 日本語 · English · 简体中文 · 한국어
- CTS URN
- urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:1.99.1-1.99.3
- Generated
- Humanitext Reader · reader.humanitext.ai · 2026-10-24
The author explains the causes of the allies' revolts and how their choice to pay money instead of supplying ships led to the growth of Athenian naval power at the expense of their own military readiness.
αἰτίαι δὲ ἄλλαι τε ἦσαν τῶν ἀποστάσεων καὶ μέγισται αἱ τῶν φόρων καὶ νεῶν ἔκδειαι καὶ λιποστράτιον εἴ τῳ ἐγένετο·1 οἱ γὰρ Ἀθηναῖοι ἀκριβῶς ἔπρασσον καὶ λυπηροὶ ἦσαν οὐκ εἰωθόσιν οὐδὲ βουλομένοις ταλαιπωρεῖν προσάγοντες τὰς ἀνάγκας.
The causes of the revolts were various, but the chief ones were arrears of tribute and of ships, and failure of military service, if such occurred to anyone; for the Athenians exacted these strictly and were offensive, applying coercion to men who were neither accustomed nor willing to undergo hardships.
ἦσαν δέ πως καὶ ἄλλως οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι οὐκέτι ὁμοίως ἐν ἡδονῇ ἄρχοντες,2 καὶ οὔτε ξυνεστράτευον ἀπὸ τοῦ ἴσου ῥᾴδιόν τε προσάγεσθαι ἦν αὐτοῖς τοὺς ἀφισταμένους.
In other ways too, the Athenians were no longer ruling in a manner that was agreeable, and they did not take part in campaigns on an equal footing, and it was easy for them to bring those who revolted back into subjection.
ὧν3 αὐτοὶ αἴτιοι ἐγένοντο οἱ ξύμμαχοι· διὰ γὰρ τὴν ἀπόκνησιν ταύτην τῶν στρατειῶν οἱ πλείους αὐτῶν, ἵνα μὴ ἀπ’ οἴκου ὦσι, χρήματα ἐτάξαντο ἀντὶ τῶν νεῶν τὸ ἱκνούμενον ἀνάλωμα φέρειν, καὶ τοῖς μὲν Ἀθηναίοις ηὔξετο τὸ ναυτικὸν ἀπὸ τῆς δαπάνης ἣν ἐκεῖνοι ξυμφέροιεν, αὐτοὶ δέ, ὁπότε ἀποσταῖεν, ἀπαράσκευοι καὶ ἄπειροι ἐς τὸν πόλεμον καθίσταντο.
For this, the allies themselves were responsible; for because of this reluctance to go on campaigns, most of them, so that they might not be away from home, agreed to pay a corresponding sum of money instead of supplying ships. Consequently, while the Athenian navy was increased by the expenditure which the allies contributed, they themselves, whenever they revolted, entered upon war unprepared and inexperienced.
- 1.99.1λιποστράτιον εἴ τῳ ἐγένετο
Meaning 'failure of military service, if such occurred to anyone.' The conditional clause εἴ τῳ ἐγένετο modifies the preceding noun λιποστράτιον (failure of service), functioning appositively to limit its occurrence.
- 1.99.2ἐν ἡδονῇ ἄρχοντες
Meaning 'ruling in an agreeable manner (to the subjects).' The nominative participle ἄρχοντες is used periphrastically with ἦσαν to describe the character of their rule.
- 1.99.3ὧν
A connecting relative pronoun in the neuter plural genitive. The antecedent is not a single word, but the entire situation described in the preceding chapter and section, where the allies were enslaved one by one and the Athenian rule became coercive and easy to enforce.